(2) Involving crimes and misdemeanors against international law. (3) Involving political crimes and misdemeanors which are the cause of the result of such disturbances as call for armed federal intervention. (4) Involving charges against officials appointed by a federal authority upon the application of the latter. (_g_) The Federal Tribunal further has jurisdiction: (1) Over conflicts of jurisdiction between federal authorities on the one part and cantonal authorities on the other part. (2) Disputes between the Cantons involving questions of public law. (3) Complaints concerning violations of the constitutional rights of citizens, and complaints of private citizens on account of the violation of concordats or treaties. Conflicts of administration are reserved and are to be settled in a manner prescribed by federal legislation. In all the forementioned cases the Federal Tribunal shall apply the laws passed by the Federal Assembly, and those resolutions which have a general import. It shall in like manner conform to all treaties which have been ratified by the Federal Assembly. (_h_) Besides the cases mentioned, the Confederation may by law place other matters within the jurisdiction of the Federal Tribunal; in particular, it may give to that court powers for securing uniformity in the application of all federal laws passed in accordance with provisions of the constitution. In 1874, within one month after the new constitution came into force, the Federal Assembly passed a very elaborate law relating to the Federal Tribunal. The jurisdiction of the court was extended to: 1. Cases of expropriation for the construction of railways and other works of public utility. 2. Questions between the Confederation and railway companies, and the winding up of the latter. 3. Cases which by the constitution or the legislation of a Canton are intrusted to its competency, when such cantonal provisions have been approved by the Federal Assembly. As a Court of Appeals under the same federal law it sits: