Switzerland; Switzerland -- Politics and government -- 1815-
All citizens are equal in the eye of the law and enjoy the same civil
rights; free expression of opinion by word or in writing; the right
of association and of assembly is guaranteed, subject to no other
restrictions than those of the common law; in libel suits, alleged
defamatory publications must not only be proven to be true, but must
appear to have been made from “honest motives and a righteous purpose;”
house and home right inviolable; house-searching by an official vested
with this power must be in advance carefully explained by the official,
as to the reason for and the extent of the proposed search; innocent
persons sentenced are entitled to restitution and just satisfaction
from the state; father and son, father-in-law and son-in-law, two
brothers, or two brothers-in-law cannot serve at the same time as
members of the executive or judicial department; all citizens subject
to taxation must contribute to the burdens of the state and the
community in accordance with their respective means; small estates
of persons disabled for work, as well as a sum absolutely necessary
for support, shall be exempt from taxation; tax exemptions in favor
of private persons or industrial companies forbidden; no new taxes
on the consumption of any of the necessaries of life to be levied;
cantonal and district officers to receive fixed salaries, all fees
going into the state treasury; organization and management of charity
left to the community;[47] the state to make suitable contributions
to lighten the burdens of poor communities, and especially to extend
its influence and aid in the education of the children of the poor,
improving the hospital service, and reforming the character and
ameliorating the condition of the neglected and dissolute; to render
assistance and facilities for the development of trades-unions based on
the principle of self-help; to pass laws essential for the protection
of the laboring classes; judicial sentences not to be set aside or
modified by any legislative or administrative authority, except in so
far as the pardoning power is vested in the cantonal council. There
are also numerous provisions relating to church affairs and education,
on parallel lines with those of the federal constitution, with the
addition that the former includes the organization and management of
the church communities which are exclusively under cantonal authority.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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