The Symbolism of Churches and Church Ornaments: A Translation of the First Book of the Rationale Divinorum OfficiorumDurand, Guillaume
Religion
The Symbolism of Churches and Church Ornaments: A Translation of the First Book of the Rationale Divinorum Officiorum
Durand, Guillaume
Christian art and symbolism; Church architecture
[Footnote 210: It is very remarkable that no notice whatever is
taken of these relics by Ciampini in his very minute description of
the Lateran Basilica: although in his account both of this, and of
all the other Basilican churches built by Constantine, he copies
_verbatim_ the list of the donations of the Emperor which is given
in the life of Pope S. Sylvester, compiled by an unknown librarian
of the Vatican. It is clear that either Durandus was misinformed, or
that the present passage is corrupt. Again, it is not likely that
the vest of S. John Baptist, or the scissors of S. John Evangelist
would have been kept in the ark besides its proper contents. Yet
Durandus had obviously some facts to go upon, since the Lateran
Church, having been originally dedicated to the Saviour, was now
under the Invocation of the two SS. John; and the sufferings of both
these saints were depicted in a very ancient mosaic, those of the
Evangelist having over them the following inscription, which we give
as describing a Confession of this _Martyr in will_, now little
known.
Martyrii calicem bibit hic Athleta Johannes
Principium Verbi cernere qui meruit.
Verberat hunc fuste Proconsul, _forfice tondet_,
Quem fervens oleum laedere non valuit.
Conditus hic oleum, dolium, cruor, atque capilli,
Quae consecrantur libera Roma tibi.
To return, we may be satisfied that these Jewish memorials did not
exist, since Ciampini, while composing his account, consulted the
former writers upon the Lateran Basilica; viz. the poet Prudentius,
an unedited MS. of Panvinius, Severanus De Septem Urbis Ecclesiis,
and the work of Caesar Cardinal Rasponus.]
7. Man, if he hath an altar, a table, a candlestick, and an ark, he is
the temple of God. He must have an altar, whereon rightly to offer and
rightly to distribute. The altar is our heart, on which we ought to
offer. {37} Whence the Lord commandeth in Exodus: 'Thou shalt offer
burnt offerings on mine altar.' [Footnote 211] Since from the heart
words, set on fire of charity, ought to proceed. _Holocaust_ is
derived from _holos, whole_, and _cauma, a burning:_ therein
signifying a thing wholly burnt. On this altar we must rightly offer,
and we must rightly divide. We offer rightly when we bring any good
thought to perfection. But we do not rightly divide if we do it not
discreetly. For a man often thinketh to do good, and doeth ill: and
sometimes with one hand he doeth good and with the other ill; and thus
himself buildeth, and himself knocketh down. But we then rightly
divide when the good which we do we attribute, not to ourselves, but
to God alone.
[Footnote 211: Exodus ix, 2.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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