In Lundin’s method the initial cleaning process is the same but after
the nitric acid has been thoroughly rinsed off the surface is gently
but thoroughly rubbed with a saturated solution of tin chloride,
applied with a wad of absorbent cotton. After the careful rubbing the
tin chloride solution must be washed off with the utmost thoroughness,
preferably with moderately warm water. It is just as important to get
off the tin chloride completely, as it is to clean completely the
mirror surface by its use. Otherwise streaks may be left where the
silvering will not take well.
When the job has been properly done one can wet the whole surface with
a film of water and it will stay wet even when the surface is slightly
tilted. As in the Brashear process the mirror must be kept covered with
water. Mr. Lundin always silvers large mirrors face up, and forms the
dish by wrapping around the edge of the mirror a strip of bandage cloth
soaked in melted beeswax and smoothed off by pulling it while still hot
between metal rods to secure even distribution of the wax so as to make
a water tight joint. This rim of cloth is tied firmly around the edge
of the mirror and the strings then wet to draw them still tighter.
Meanwhile the water should cover the mirror by ¾ of an inch or more.
It is to be noted that in the Lundin process ordinary water is usually
found just as efficient as distilled water, but it is hardly safe to
assume that such is the case, without trying it out on a sample of
glass.
There are then prepared two solutions, a silver solution,
2.16 parts silver nitrate (see King, Pop. Ast =30=, 93)
100 parts water.
and a reducing solution,
4 parts Merck’s formaldehyde
20 parts water.
This latter quantity is used for each 100 parts of the above silver
solution, and the whole quantity made up is determined by the amount of
liquid necessary to cover the mirror as just described.
The silver solution is cautiously and completely cleared up by strong
ammonia as in the Brashear process. The silver and reducing solutions
are then mixed, the water covering the mirror poured quickly off, and
the silvering solution immediately poured on. The mirror should then be
gently rocked and the silver coating carefully watched as it forms.
As the operation is completed somewhat coarse black grains of sediment
will form and when these begin to be in evidence the solution should
be poured off, the mirror rinsed in running water, the edging removed
while the mirror is still rinsing and finally the sediment very gently
swabbed off with wet absorbent cotton. Then the mirror can be set up to
dry.
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