137 As before. 5 Half the number of the whole constituent degrees to be added. ---- 142 Mean of malt’s dryness and of the heat of last extract. ---- 120 Malt’s dryness. 164 Rule to discover the last heat of last extract. ---- 284 ---- 142 As above. The elements for brewing pale ale or amber, with the allowance of 2 degrees for the heats lost in the extracts. Malt’s Value of Medium of Heat of Heat of dryness. hops. the whole. first mash. last mash. 120 1 138 146 166 The time this liquor is intended to be kept, should entirely be governed by the quantity of hops used therein; for this ale being required to become spontaneously fine, the medium of the whole, or 138 degrees, cannot be exceeded. In and about London, and in some counties in England, these ales, by periodical fermentations, are made to become fine, sooner than naturally they would do, and often, in a shorter time than one week. The means of doing this, by beating the yeast into the drink, as it is termed, has by some been greatly blamed, and thought to be an ill practice. An opinion that the yeast dissolved in the drink, and thereby made it unwholesome, prevailed; and some brewers, erroneously led by this, and yet willing that their commodity should appear of equal strength with such as had undergone repeated fermentations, have been induced to add ingredients to their worts, if not of the most destructive nature, at least very unwholesome. The plain truth is, that, by returning the elastic air in the fermenting ale, the effects of long keeping are greatly imitated, though with less advantage as to flavor and to strength; but as this case relates to fermentation, we shall have hereafter an opportunity of explaining it more at large. It is under this class, that the famous _Burton ale_ may be ranked, and, if I do not mistake, it will be found, that its qualities and intrinsic value will be the same, when judiciously brewed in London, or elsewhere, from whence it may be exported at much cheaper rates to Russia and other parts, than when it is increased in price by a long and chargeable land-carriage.