The time of the day, in which the first extract is made, becomes another consideration; for as 8 o’clock in the morning is the time of the medium heat in the whole 24 hours, the other hours will give different degrees. When a first mash is made about 4 o’clock in the morning, the following table shews the difference between the heat at 4 and 8; that of the other hours, in the like case, may be learned by observation. It has been observed, that, in the cold months, from the sun’s power being less, the heat of the day and night are more uniform, and also that the coldest part of the 24 hours is about half an hour, or an hour before sun-rising. I have judged it convenient to place, in the same table, the several incidents affecting the first extract. INCIDENTS _occasioned by the air affecting the heat of the first extract, to be noticed more particularly, when small beer is brewed, as the quantity of water is then greatest, and the mash more susceptible of its impressions_. Morning at 4 o’clock* January 0 Utensils, for want of being used, in 24 hours February 0 lose 4 degrees of heat, equal to half an inch of March. 2 cold water. Malt, which has been April 4 ground 24 hours, imbibes moisture equivalent May 6 to half an inch, which lessens the heat June 8 by 4 degrees. The difference between July 10 the actual heat of the air, and that naturally August 8 expected is to be allowed in proportion of September 6 8 degrees to one inch cooling in. October 4 Malts, from having been long kept, or old, November 2 become considerably slacked. December 0 * Colder by so many degrees than at eight o’clock in the morning. Before we quit this subject, it may not be improper to observe, that, in the hottest season, and in the hottest part of the day, the difference between the heat of the air in the shade, and that in the sun’s beams in and about London, is nearly 16 degrees, and also that cellars or repositories for beers, are, in winter, generally hotter by ten degrees, than the external air; and in summer, colder, by five. SECTION II. _OF GRINDING._