The Theory of Moral Sentiments: Or, an Essay Towards an Analysis of the Principles by Which Men Naturally Judge Concerning the Conduct and Character, First of Their Neighbours, and Afterwards of Themselves. to Which Is Added, a Dissertation on the Origin of Languages.Smith, Adam
Philosophy
The Theory of Moral Sentiments: Or, an Essay Towards an Analysis of the Principles by Which Men Naturally Judge Concerning the Conduct and Character, First of Their Neighbours, and Afterwards of Themselves. to Which Is Added, a Dissertation on the Origin of Languages.
Smith, Adam
Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Language and languages -- Early works to 1800
On the contrary, if the man within condemns us, the loudest acclamations
of mankind appear but as the noise of ignorance and folly, and whenever
we assume the character of this impartial judge, we cannot avoid viewing
our own actions with this distaste and dissatisfaction. The weak, the
vain, and the frivolous, indeed, may be mortified by the most groundless
censure, or elated by the most absurd applause. Such persons are not
accustomed to consult the judge within concerning the opinion which they
ought to form of their own conduct. This inmate of the breast, this
abstract man, the representative of mankind, and substitute of the
Deity, whom Nature has constituted the supreme judge of all their
actions, is seldom appealed to by them. They are contented with the
decision of the inferior tribunal. The approbation of their companions,
of the particular persons whom they have lived and conversed with, has
generally been the ultimate object of all their wishes. If they obtain
this, their joy is complete; and if they fail, they are entirely
disappointed. They never think of appealing to the superior court. They
have seldom inquired after its decisions, and are altogether
unacquainted with the rules and forms of its procedure. When the world
injures them, therefore, they are incapable of doing themselves justice,
and are, in consequence, necessarily the slaves of the world. But it is
otherwise with the man who has, upon all occasions, been accustomed to
have recourse to the judge within, and to consider, not what the world
approves or disapproves of, but what appears to this impartial
spectator, the natural and proper object of approbation or
disapprobation. The judgment of this supreme arbiter of his conduct, is
the applause, which he has been accustomed principally to court, is the
censure which he has been accustomed principally to fear. Compared with
this final decision, the sentiments of all mankind, though not
altogether indifferent, appear to be but of small moment; and he is
incapable of being either much elevated by their favourable, or greatly
depressed by their most disadvantageous judgment.
It is only by consulting this judge within, that we can see whatever
relates to ourselves in its proper shape and dimensions, or that we can
make any proper comparison between our own interests and those of other
men.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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