The Theory of Moral Sentiments: Or, an Essay Towards an Analysis of the Principles by Which Men Naturally Judge Concerning the Conduct and Character, First of Their Neighbours, and Afterwards of Themselves. to Which Is Added, a Dissertation on the Origin of Languages.Smith, Adam
Philosophy
The Theory of Moral Sentiments: Or, an Essay Towards an Analysis of the Principles by Which Men Naturally Judge Concerning the Conduct and Character, First of Their Neighbours, and Afterwards of Themselves. to Which Is Added, a Dissertation on the Origin of Languages.
Smith, Adam
Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Language and languages -- Early works to 1800
“Does it suit the greatness of God,” says the eloquent and philosophical
bishop of Clermont, with that passionate and exaggerating force of
imagination, which seems sometimes to exceed the bounds of decorum;
“does it suit the greatness of God, to leave the world which he has
created in so universal a disorder? To see the wicked prevail almost
always over the just; the innocent dethroned by the usurper; the father
become the victim of the ambition of an unnatural son; the husband
expiring under the stroke of a barbarous and faithless wife? From the
height of his greatness ought God to behold those melancholy events as a
fantastical amusement, without taking any share in them? Because he is
great, should he be weak, or unjust, or barbarous? Because men are
little, ought they to be allowed either to be dissolute without
punishment, or virtuous without reward? O God! if this is the character
of your Supreme Being; if it is you whom we adore under such dreadful
ideas; I can no longer acknowledge you for my father, for my protector,
for the comforter of my sorrow, the support of my weakness, the rewarder
of my fidelity. You would then be no more than an indolent and
fantastical tyrant, who sacrifices mankind to his insolent vanity, and
who has brought them out of nothing, only to make them serve for the
sport of his leisure, and of his caprice.”
When the general rules which determine the merit and demerit of actions,
come thus to be regarded, as the laws of an All-powerful Being, who
watches over our conduct, and who, in a life to come, will reward the
observance, and punish the breach of them; they necessarily acquire a
new sacredness from this consideration. That our regard to the will of
the Deity, ought to be the supreme rule of our conduct, can be doubted
of by no body who believes his existence. The very thought of
disobedience appears to involve in it the most shocking impropriety. How
vain, how absurd would it be for man, either to oppose or to neglect the
commands that were laid upon him by Infinite Wisdom, and Infinite Power!
How unnatural, how impiously ungrateful not to reverence the precepts
that were prescribed to him by the infinite goodness of his Creator,
even though no punishment was to follow their violation. The sense of
propriety too is here well supported by the strongest motives of
self-interest. The idea that, however we may escape the observation of
man, or be placed above the reach of human punishment, yet we are always
acting under the eye, and exposed to the punishment of God, the great
avenger of injustice, is a motive capable of restraining the most
headstrong passions, with those at least who, by constant reflection,
have rendered it familiar to them.
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