The Thousand and One Nights, Vol. I.: Commonly Called the Arabian Nights' Entertainments
General
The Thousand and One Nights, Vol. I.: Commonly Called the Arabian Nights' Entertainments
Fairy tales; Tales -- Arab countries
The distinguished individuals above mentioned are known by the common
appellation of "Welees," or particular favourites of God. The more
eminent among them compose a mysterious hierarchical body, whose
government respects the whole human race, infidels as well as believers;
but whose power is often exercised in such a manner that the subjects
influenced by it know not from what person or persons its effects
proceed. The general governor or coryphæus of these holy beings is
commonly called the "Ḳuṭb," which literally signifies a "pole," or an
"axis," and is metaphorically used to signify a "chief," either in a
civil or political, or in a spiritual sense. The Ḳuṭb of the saints is
distinguished by other appellations: he is called "Ḳuṭb el-Ghós," or
"---- el-Ghóth" ("the Ḳuṭb of Invocation for Help"), &c.; and simply
"El-Ghós."[257] The orders under the rule of this chief are called
"'Omud (or Owtád), Akhyár, Abdál, Nujabà, and Nuḳabà:" I name them
according to their precedence.[258] Perhaps to these should be added an
inferior order called "Aṣ-ḥáb ed-Darak," which is said to mean
"Watchmen," or "Overseers." The members are not known as such to their
inferior, unenlightened fellow-creatures; and are often invisible to
them. This is more frequently the case with the Ḳuṭb, who, though
generally stationed at Mekkeh, on the roof of the Kaạbeh, is never
visible there, nor at any of his other favourite stations or places of
resort; yet his voice is often heard at these places. Whenever he and
the saints under his authority mingle among ordinary men, they are not
distinguished by a dignified appearance, but are always humbly clad.
These, and even inferior saints, are said to perform astonishing
miracles, such as flying in the air, passing unhurt through fire,
swallowing fire, glass, &c., walking upon water, transporting themselves
in a moment of time to immense distances, and supplying themselves and
others with food in desert places. Their supernatural power they are
supposed to obtain by a life of the most exalted piety, and especially
by constant self-denial, accompanied with the most implicit reliance
upon God; by the services of good genii; and, as many believe, by the
knowledge and utterance of "the most great name" of God. A miracle
performed by a saint is distinguished by the term "karámeh" from one
performed by a prophet, which is called "moạjizeh."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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