See Chamberlain’s _Things Japanese_, p. 429 f.; and, Lowell’s _Chosön_, pp. 262–266, for a fuller explanation of the origin and signification of this primitive entrance way. Footnote 284: See, for example, Douglas’s _Society in China_, p. 411; Isabella Bird’s _Unbeaten Tracks in Japan_, I., 64; Fergusson’s _Tree and Serpent Worship_, frontispiece, plates iv-ix, xxi. Footnote 285: See Maspero’s _Dawn of Civilization_, p. 656. Footnote 286: _Ibid._, p. 569. The doorway in the engraving from the intaglio is clearly one of the doorway shrines, with the guardians of the doorway on either side, and not, as has been supposed, an opening into the ark. Footnote 287: Maspero’s _Dawn of Civilization_, pp. 657, 662, 759, 762; also Perrot and Chipiez’s _Hist. of Art in Chal. and Assy._, I., 203, 212; II., 95, 163, 210, 211. Footnote 288: _Ibid._, II., facing p. 212. Footnote 289: Perrot and Chipiez’s _Hist. of Art in Chal. and Assy._, II., 231; Perrot and Chipiez’s _Hist. of Art in Phœnicia and Cyprus_, I., 9. See, also, note in Rawlinson’s _Herodotus_, II., pp. 148–151. Footnote 290: Wilkinson’s _Anc. Egypt_, III., 349; Erman’s _Life in Anc. Egypt_, pp. 274, 283; and Maspero’s _Dawn of Civilization_, pp. 189, 239. Footnote 291: Erman’s _Life in Anc. Egypt_, p. 311; Maspero’s _Dawn of Civilization_, pp. 237, 250, 253, 262, 316, 413. Footnote 292: Erman’s _Life in Anc. Egypt_, p. 314. See, also, illustrations in Perrot and Chipiez’s _Hist. of Art in Anc. Egypt_, I., 131, 140, 175. Footnote 293: Erman’s _Life in Anc. Egypt_, p. 319. Footnote 294: Perrot and Chipiez’s _Hist. of Art in Phœnicia and Cyprus_, I., 256; II., 31, 57, 147, 178. Footnote 295: _Ibid._, I., 53, 54. Footnote 296: _Ibid._, I., 287; II., 147. Footnote 297: _Ibid._, I., 264, 321. Footnote 298: _Ibid._, I., 320. Footnote 299: Bent’s _Sacred City of the Ethiopians_, pp. 185–193. Footnote 300: See, for example, Fergusson’s _Rude Stone Monuments_, pp. 100, 168 f., 217, 233, 335, 337, 344, 385, 388, 398–401, 411–413, 441, 464, 468, 484, 532. Footnote 301: See illustrations in Sherrin’s _Early History of New Zealand_, pp. 406, 514, 648. Footnote 302: Bancroft’s _Native Races_, IV., 481. Footnote 303: See, for example, Williams’s _Middle Kingdom_, I., frontispiece; Gray’s _China_, I., 11 f. Footnote 304: See citation in Bonomi’s _Nineveh and its Palaces_ (2d ed.), pp. 157–160, 174. Footnote 305: _Ibid._ Footnote 306: _Nineveh and its Remains_ (Am. ed.), II., 202. Footnote 307: _Assyrian Discoveries_, pp. 75, 78, 429. Footnote 308: _Chaldean Magic_, pp. 47, 48, 54. Footnote 309: See, for example, 1 Sam. 29 : 6; 2 Sam. 3 : 25; 2 Kings 19 : 27; Psa. 121 : 7, 8; Isa. 37 : 28; Ezek. 43 : 11. Footnote 310: See references to the Mezuza of the Hebrews at page 69 f., _supra_. Footnote 311: