[85] In Likuan they chew of the same betel-nut. Among the Batak of Palawan they smoke of the same cigar. [86] This part of the ceremony is now falling into disuse. [87] See Traditions of the Tinguian, this volume, No. 1, p. 12. [88] Here again the Tinguian ceremony closely resembles the ancient custom described by _Loarca_. In his account, the bride was carried to the house of the groom. At the foot of the stairway she was given a present to induce her to proceed; when she had mounted the steps, she received another, as she looked in upon the guests, another. Before she could be induced to set down, to eat and drink, she was likewise given some prized object. _Loarca_, Relacion de las Yslas Filipinas, Chap. X; also _Blair_ and _Robertson_, _op. cit._, Vol. V, p. 157. [89] See Traditions of the Tinguian, this volume, No. 1, p. 172. The origin of death is also given in the tales, _ibid_., p. 177. [90] The spirit of the dead is generally known as _kalading_, but in Manabo it is called _kal-kolayó_ and in Likuan _alalya_; in Ilokano, _al-aliá_ means "phantom" or "ghost." [91] In some villages Selday is the spirit against whom this precaution is taken. [92] In Daligan and some other villages in Ilocos Norte, a chicken is killed, is burned in a fire, and then is fastened beside the door in place of the live bird. [93] See Traditions of the Tinguian, this volume, No. 1, p. 181. [94] During the funeral of Malakay, in Patok, August 16, 1907, the wife kept wailing, "Malakay, Malakay, take me with you where you go. Malakay, Malakay, take me with you. I have no brother. We were together here, do not let us part. Malakay, take me with you where you go." [95] In Manabo the wife is covered at night with a white blanket, but during the day she wears it bandoleer fashion over one shoulder. In Ba-ak a white blanket with black border is used in a similar way. If the wife has neglected her husband during his illness, his relatives may demand that she be punished by having a second blanket placed over her, unless she pays them a small amount. It sometimes occurs that the Lakay or old men impose both fine and punishment. In Likuan the blanket is placed over the corpse and the wife. [96] See Traditions of the Tinguian, this volume, No. 1, p. 180. [97] This is still the case among the Apayao who live to the north of the Tinguian (_Cole_, _Am. Anthropologist_, Vol. ii, No. 3, 1909, p. 340). The custom is reflected in the folk-tales (Traditions of the Tinguian, this volume, No. 1, p. 190; cf. also p. 372). [98] The writer has known of instances, where towns were deserted following an epidemic of smallpox, and the dead were left unburied in the houses. Such instances are unusual even for this dread disease, and the funeral observances usually expose large numbers of the people to infection. [99] In San Juan only thirty strokes are given.