Cromwell’s death plotters were brought in, among them Henry Mordaunt,
brother of the Earl of Peterborough, Lady Mary Howard, the Earl of
Chesterfield, Lords Falconbridge, Falkland, De la Ware, Bellasis,
Charles Howard and Castleton. They were subsequently released. When
Cromwell died, and the nation was yet in uncertainty as to the course
of events, the Tower became the object of much attention. There was
the army on one side and the Parliamentary party on the other, and the
latter arranged with Colonel Fitz, the Lieutenant, that Colonel Okey,
with three hundred men, should appear at a given hour and demand and
receive admittance. But this was divulged and the army sent Colonel
Desborough with a force, which seized the lieutenant, and placed a
fresh garrison. This fell to quarrelling, whereupon Lenthall, the
speaker, sent another force, which took possession under Sir Anthony
Ashley Cooper. Then came General Monk’s grand _coup_, and he seized the
fortress in the name of King Charles.
The Restoration, as was probably inevitable, brought fierce reprisals
on those who had been severe and unrelenting. Thomas Harrison had
been one of the most eager of the regicides; he had afterwards been
strenuous in support of Cromwell for a while, but, as an anabaptist,
had become a Fifth Monarchy man, and had been twice sent to the
Tower as such. Being released in 1659, he retired to his house in
Staffordshire, and in May 1660 was arrested there, was brought to trial
in October, drawn on a hurdle to Charing Cross, and there executed
(October 13). So were Gregory Clement, a London merchant, Colonel John
Jones, Thomas Scot, who had all taken part in the king’s trial. So were
Colonels Axtel and Hacker, who had commanded the guard at the trial and
at the execution. Sir Harry Vane, who had taken no part in the trial,
was charged with having endeavoured to prevent the Restoration, and
suffered on that charge. Some escaped, probably with the connivance of
the guards. Three who had so escaped, and had reached Holland—Colonels
Barkstead and Okey and Miles Corbet—were treacherously brought back
and put to death at Tyburn in 1662. Some of the delinquents, e.g. Lord
Monson, Sir H. Mildmay, Robert Wallop, were sentenced to be drawn on
sledges from the Tower to Tyburn and back with halters round their
necks, and then to suffer perpetual imprisonment. In contrast there
were grand doings, and certainly not without national enthusiasm, in
the coronation procession from the Tower to Westminster.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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