The Toxicity of Caffein: An experimental study on different species of animalsSalant, William
Science
The Toxicity of Caffein: An experimental study on different species of animals
Salant, William
Caffeine -- Physiological effect
A fixed diet of the same calorific value was provided for all dogs
of this series, but the protein content for three of the animals was
approximately one-third of the amount usually fed to dogs. Caffein was
at first administered subcutaneously, but all the dogs on a low protein
diet developed abscesses at the site of injection, while none of those
on high protein diet showed a local reaction. Feeding by mouth was then
begun and continued throughout the experiment in each case. The initial
dose was 50 mg per kilo, which was given daily for seven to nine days.
It was then increased progressively by 25 mg per kilo; 75 mg per kilo
were administered for one to two days, 100 mg for two to three days,
125 mg for one to two days, 150 mg for one to two days, and a single
dose of 175 mg. It will be remarked that sometimes an interval of one
day had to be allowed during which no caffein was fed.
_Dog 30. Black and tan hound, male._
The dog was under observation for about eight weeks before the
experiment was begun and had received a high protein diet. He was then
given 50 mg caffein for nine consecutive days. On the tenth day the
dose was increased to 75 mg per kilo. As no symptoms developed, this
dose was increased to 100 mg per kilo, and was fed one day apart. It
was then raised to 125 mg per kilo. For the first time since the drug
was fed, symptoms appeared; they were noticed a few hours after feeding
and persisted during the next day. Although the appetite was good,
no caffein was given on this day. On the following day this dose was
repeated. As the symptoms were not serious, 150 mg per kilo were given
daily for the next three days, until 175 mg per kilo was reached. This
dose proved fatal within six hours. Record of experiment follows:
October 9: Weight, 9 kilos, on full nitrogen diet, received daily 0.724
gram nitrogen per kilo or 87 calories per kilo, received 18 grams meat
per kilo, 4 grams lard per kilo, 3 grams carbohydrates per kilo, bone
dust, ad libitum.
November 3: Weight, 9.10 kilos.
November 10: Weight, 9 kilos.
November 20: Weight, 9.55 kilos.
November 29: Weight, 8.70 kilos.
December 6, 7, 8, and 9: Received subcutaneously 22 cc 2 per cent
caffein. Condition good, site of injection normal.
December 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14: Received 0.4375 gram caffein by
mouth equal to 0.050 gram per kilo, no symptoms, appetite and general
condition good.
December 15: 11.30 a. m., received 0.6563 gram caffein by mouth, or
0.75 gram per kilo, no symptoms, appetite good, condition excellent.
December 16: 11 a. m., received 0.870 gram caffein by mouth, or 0.1
gram per kilo, weight 8.70 kilos, no symptoms.
December 17: No caffein given.
December 18: Received 0.870 gram caffein, or 0.1 gram per kilo, no
symptoms.
December 20: 2.45 p. m., received 1.0875 grams caffein, or 0.125 per
kilo; 4 p. m., ate food readily, seemed very uncomfortable and sick.
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