The Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland (Vol 1 of 2): With Tunes, Singing-Rhymes and Methods of Playing etc.Gomme, Alice Bertha
History
The Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland (Vol 1 of 2): With Tunes, Singing-Rhymes and Methods of Playing etc.
Gomme, Alice Bertha
Folklore -- Great Britain; Games -- Great Britain
The difference in the wording of the versions is slight, and does not
need formal analysis. Domestic occupation is shown throughout, washing
and its attendants, drying, folding, starching and ironing being by far
the most numerous, brewing, and baking only occurring in one. Illness,
dying, and death are the usual forms for the later verses, but illness
and dying are lost in several versions. The choosing of colours is in
some versions not for the mourners but for the dead maiden, and in these
cases (six) white is the colour chosen, for “white’s what the dead
wear.”
This question of colours for the dead is a very important one. The
dressing of the dead body of a maiden in white by her girl companions,
and the carrying of the body by them to the grave, are known village
customs, the whole village being invited to the funeral. The rising of
the dead lover, and the belief that excessive mourning over a loved one
disturbs his or her rest in the grave, thus causing the dead to rise and
speak, are shown in old ballads; the belief that spirits of the dead
haunt churchyards and places of their former abode may also be adduced
in illustration of the ghost incident.
(_d_) The methods of playing, and the incidents revealed by the verses
sung, show that this is perhaps the most realistic of all the singing
games, the daily occupation, the illness, death, and burial being
portrayed, first, in the words of the rhymes, and secondly, by the
accompanying action. The Scottish versions make the opening incident
that of a lover coming to the house of the loved one, then proceed to
the domestic occupation, and finally to the death incident; while the
English versions give the idea of village friends calling upon a
favourite companion, and subsequently attending her funeral. That the
former is the older of the two versions is confirmed by the great
probability of the name “Jenny Jones” being a degraded form of “Janet
jo.” There is some evidence for this. The Sporle version gives it as
“Jenny Joe,” which is clearly a misunderstood rendering of “Jenny jo.”
The corruption of this into “Jenny Jones” is exactly what might be
expected from modern English ignorance of the pretty meaning of the word
jo, “dear;” and to what lengths this corruption may proceed under such
influences may be seen by versions from Earls Heaton, where we have
“Jingy Jog;” Leeds, where we get “Jilly Jog;” and the Edinburgh version,
where we have “Georgina.”
This would be an argument for the Scottish home of the rhymes, and for
the direct borrowing of the name from Scotland by the English villagers.
In furtherance of this view the following passage from Chambers may be
quoted:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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