The training of teachers in the United States of AmericaBramwell, Amy Blanche
Philosophy
The training of teachers in the United States of America
Bramwell, Amy Blanche
Teachers -- Training of -- United States
At Cornell University, courses in pedagogy are usually given in
connection with the summer course in philosophy. These are for graduate
students only. Psychology lectures, with experimental demonstrations,
are given every day in the week; lectures on psychological and
psychophysical method, with demonstrations and laboratory practice, are
delivered three times a week; pedagogy and the history of education are
studied by means of lectures and conferences; methods of teaching the
special subject of study are discussed in connection with the other
summer courses for graduates at Cornell University. I was present at
a very interesting meeting of teachers who were attending a summer
course in English. Individual members of the class gave their own
experience as regards the teaching of English and literature in the
schools. The students were mostly specialists in English, and teachers
in private academies, or High Schools, and an informal discussion of
special difficulties and methods which had been actually tried was very
interesting and helpful to the class as a whole.
A general survey of Summer Schools of all kinds seems to show that
their work cannot be regarded as that of “Training,” but rather as
accessory to it. Where the principal or conductor of the Summer School
is a man of enthusiasm and enlightenment, teachers can be refreshed and
stimulated in many ways, by a summer course of work; but to regard a
course as training which supplies no practice-work, and exists under
highly artificial conditions, for a few weeks only, is to overlook some
of the most important features of training.
As a general summary of the work of Training, seen in Normal Schools,
City Training Schools and University Departments, it may be stated:
(i.) That the State Normal Schools, adhering to old traditions, and
failing to insist on adequate and thorough scholarship as an entrance
qualification, have been obliged to devote themselves, either to
securing that scholarship, or to the pursuance of so-called training
under conditions the most conducive to mechanical lines of work, and
dead forms of method.
(ii.) That the City Training Schools, being entirely local
institutions, supported by local funds, and only supplying teachers to
the schools of the vicinity, are in danger of being cramped in their
methods by seeking to win public favour.
(iii.) That the University Departments of Pedagogy, especially those
belonging to State Universities, are capable of affording the widest
and best opportunities for the thorough training of primary and
secondary teachers, and in supplying these opportunities, they will not
only help forward the cause in which they are immediately engaged, but
afford a valuable means of unifying and stimulating education generally.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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