form, _Khán-khánán_, was devised at the Court of Delhi, and applied to one of the high officers of state. [Mr. Rockhill writes (_Rubruck_, p. 108, note): “The title _Khan_, though of very great antiquity, was only used by the Turks after A.D. 560, at which time the use of the word _Khatun_ came in use for the wives of the Khan, who himself was termed _Ilkhan_. The older title of _Shan-yü_ did not, however, completely disappear among them, for Albiruni says that in his time the chief of the Ghuz Turks, or Turkomans, still bore the title of _Jenuyeh_, which Sir Henry Rawlinson (_Proc. R. G. S._, v. 15) takes to be the same word as that transcribed _Shan-yü_ by the Chinese (see _Ch’ien Han shu_, Bk. 94, and _Chou shu_, Bk. 50, 2). Although the word _Khakhan_ occurs in Menander’s account of the embassy of Zemarchus, the earliest mention I have found of it in a Western writer is in the _Chronicon_ of Albericus Trium Fontium, where (571), under the year 1239, he uses it in the form _Cacanus_”—Cf. _Terrien de Lacouperie, Khan, Khakan, and other Tartar Titles_. Lond., Dec. 1888.—H. C.] [3] “China is a sea that salts all the rivers that flow into it.”—_P. Parrenin_ in _Lett. Édif._ XXIV. 58. [4] _E.g._ the Russians still call it Khitai. The pair of names, _Khitai_ and _Machin_, or Cathay and China, is analogous to the other pair, _Seres_ and _Sinae_. _Seres_ was the name of the great nation in the far East as known by land, _Sinae_ as known by sea; and they were often supposed to be diverse, just as Cathay and China were afterwards. [5] There has been much doubt about the true form of this name. _Iltitmish_ is that sanctioned by Mr. Blochmann (see _Proc. As. Soc. Bengal_, 1870, p. 181). III. THE POLO FAMILY. PERSONAL HISTORY OF THE TRAVELLERS DOWN TO THEIR FINAL RETURN FROM THE EAST. [Sidenote: Alleged origin of the Polos.] 13. In days when History and Genealogy were allowed to draw largely on the imagination for the _origines_ of states and families, it was set down by one Venetian Antiquary that among the companions of King Venetus, or of Prince Antenor of Troy, when they settled on the northern shores of the Adriatic, there was one LUCIUS POLUS, who became the progenitor of our Traveller’s Family;[1] whilst another deduces it from PAOLO the first Doge[2] (Paulus Lucas Anafestus of Heraclea, A.D. 696).