The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
As a rule, such significant poetry of Nature as appeared during the
transition period was the work of men who had spent much of their
youth in the country or in country villages; it was practically their
earliest poetic venture, and usually the work of their youth; and, in
most cases where there was an extended literary career, the poetry of
Nature speedily gave way to work of a didactic or dramatic sort, in
which Nature played but a small part. To any such general statement
there would be of course important exceptions. Blake, for instance,
was a town-bred poet. So was Collins, and his “Ode to Evening” is not
his earliest work. Cowper was town-bred. He was old when he began to
write, and his poetry of Nature is his latest rather than his earliest
work. But, taken as a whole, the poetry of Nature during the eighteenth
century bears out the statement as made. It is well illustrated
by Armstrong, who was born and who apparently spent his youth in
Castleton, a little village in the wildest part of the mountainous
country around the Derbyshire peaks, wrote his “Winter” before he was
fifteen, went to Edinburgh and then to London to study, and wrote as
the work of his mature years a didactic poem on the “Art of Preserving
Health.” Or by Dyer, who was brought up in South Wales, wrote “Grongar
Hill” and “The Country Walk” at twenty-five, went up to London, and
wrote as his mature work “The Ruins of Rome” and “The Fleece.” Or by
Thomson, who lived until he was fifteen in Southdean, a little hamlet
at the foot of the Cheviot Hills, the last of whose “Seasons” appeared
when he was thirty and whose later work was a succession of dreary
tragedies. Or by Akenside, who, though brought up in Newcastle-on-Tyne,
made frequent visits to the country during his youth, wrote “The
Pleasures of the Imagination” at seventeen during one of these visits,
and in his after life wrote much prose and poetry in which there is
no hint of the early enthusiasm. Allan Ramsay lived in a secluded
spot among the Pentland Hills until he was fifteen, and his earliest
important poem, “The Gentle Shepherd,” is really a memory picture.
William Pattison spent his youth at Appleby, a village on the Eden,
in Westmoreland, where he wrote his earliest poems. Mickel spent his
youth at Langholme on the Esk, and his first important poem, “Pollio,”
written at eighteen, was in memory of his life there. Bruce was brought
up at Kinneswood, a village on Lochleven, and his early poetry had
much to do with the scenery about that place. Beattie spent his youth
at Lawrencekirk and Fordoun on the east coast of Scotland, and “The
Minstrel,” his first important poem, is a record of his early life. It
would certainly be a misreading of these facts to infer that to write
well of Nature the poet must have been brought up in the country.
Genius has the rare gift of seeing a very little and straightway
knowing a great deal. It would be equally wrong to infer that poets
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