The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
Bishop Jebb has pointed out for the enjoyment of the “classical and
pious reader” the similarity between the moral reflections in this
poem and those in Cardinal Bona’s “Divina Psalmodia.”[227] Parnell’s
close adherence to the thought of the cardinal in the didactic part of
the poem, and the fact that the last forty-two lines, the ones that
deal with Nature, are entirely Parnell’s own, give striking proof of
the originality of his thought concerning the external world and its
power over the human heart. It is in these lines that we find his
most subtly suggestive conception of Nature. He represents himself as
sad at heart. He seeks contentment in earthly pomp, in the paths of
knowledge, in solitary search after diverting scenes in Nature, but
in vain. At last he goes to a wood, and as he yields himself to the
influence of the place becomes suddenly aware that in this quiet spot
the true spirit of contentment is speaking to him wise lessons of
self-control and communion with God. In gratitude for the joy that has
come to him through Nature he utters a song of praise to the “source
of all Nature,” but as he looks about him on the glad world, he feels
that his song is merely an expression in words of the great chorus of
thanksgiving going always silently up from sun and moon and stars, from
seas, woods, and streams.
Such work as this is indeed remarkable before 1713; and for
spirituality and insight, for what has well been called “a sense of the
thing behind the thing,” it was many years before it was paralleled.
“The Morning Contemplation” is the only one of Pattison’s poems that
has much to do with Nature. It was written, his friend tells us, on the
banks of a river where the young poet used to wander, endeavoring to
attune his verses to the smoothness and harmony of the stream. He was
especially sensitive to the “sadly pleasing melancholy” of moonlight
nights and solitary walks, and he was one of the first poets to express
a longing for solitude with Nature. Gilded rooms of state, the purple
slavery of towns, rob him of the bliss he finds in the living forest.
When alone in the spacious fields he thinks himself almost a god. Even
little scrubby thorns are to him more pleasing objects than courts can
show. Nature charms his senses and soothes his soul; she is his best
teacher, and he trusts her plain instructions.
Tell me, all ye mighty wise,
Ye governors of colleges;
What deeper wisdom can you know
Than easy nature’s works here show,
reads like a crude prevision of Wordsworth’s “The Tables Turned.” The
“excellent morality” of “The Morning Contemplation” is much in the vein
of Dyer’s “Grongar Hill.” Every fact in Nature arouses some thought or
some emotion. By contrast or analogy it suggests human life, as in the
lines,
See this river as it goes,
With what eloquence it flows;
* * * * *
Believe me, life’s the very same,
The very image of this stream.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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