The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
In 1750 appeared Francis Coventry’s “Pens-hurst,” a poem in rhymed
octosyllabics, notable chiefly for its many imitations of Milton.
Another poem written by Coventry to the Honorable Wilmot Vaughan
indicates that the two friends had found some pleasure in mountain
climbing:
Dost thou explore Sabrina’s fountful source,
Where huge Plinlimmon’s hoary height ascends:
Then downwards mark her vagrant course
’Till mixed with clouds the landscape ends?
Dost thou revere the hallowed soil
Where Druids old sepulchred lie?
Or up cold Snowden’s craggy summits toil
And muse on ancient savage liberty?
Ill suit such walks with bleak autumnal air.
In the “World,” April 12, 1753, Coventry also had an article entitled
“Strictures on the absurd Novelties introduced in Gardening,” which was
a plea for simplicity and naturalness.
William Mason, who is a poet known chiefly because he had insight
enough to appreciate Gray, may, in this study, be lightly passed over.
His dramas “Elfrida” (1752), and “Caractacus” (1759) were written on
the model of the ancient Greek tragedy. They have little to do with
external Nature, although in order to introduce “touches of pastoral
description” such as had especially delighted him in “Comus” and “As
You Like It” he had laid the scene of “Elfrida” in “an old romantic
forest.” “Caractacus” is a Druid play the action of which takes place
on or near “majestic Snowden,” but there is only a single passage in
which the wild scenery is made effective in the poem, and that is the
ode beginning,
Mona on Snowden calls;
Hear, thou King of Mountains, hear.
Later on the ode allies itself with romantic work by its use of
the supernatural but it makes slight use of Nature. Mason’s chief
significance in this study is in what he had to say about gardens. In
“To a Water Nymph” (1747), there is a protest against the elaborate
Gothic fountains then fashionable, and also against shell work and
mineral grottoes. His long work, “The English Garden,” will be spoken
of later.
The greatest name in this period is that of Thomas Gray. His prose will
be taken up under “Travels.” His poetry falls into three periods.[389]
The first or classical period, in spite of an occasional good line,
such as
The untaught harmony of Spring,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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