The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
The Rev. R. Potter’s chief poem is “A Farewell Hymn to the Country,
Attempted in the Manner of Spenser’s Epithalamion” (1749). The poem
shows much sympathetic knowledge of some parts of Nature, especially
of birds and trees. He speaks of the quail that “runnes piping o’er
the land,” of the “mavis-haunted grove,” and of the nightingale that
delights “the stillness of the night.” He declares that his entire
orchard, plums, pears, grapes, permains, and all, is at the service of
these, his “fellow-poets.” At evening
The slumb’ring trees seem their tall tops to bow
Rocking the careless birds that on them nest
To gentle, gentle rest.
He does not often refer to specific trees, but he gives little
suggestive pictures as of “the uncertain shaded grove,” or
the doubtfull shade
By quivering branches made,
or of delightful resting places roofed with “inwoven branches.” The
stream for which he cared most was “the gentle Tave” in Norfolk. He
mentions many flowers, but in no new or finely descriptive manner. His
sensitiveness to perfumes we may see in such lines as,
Sweet is the breath of heaven with day-spring born,
Where the fresh hay-cock breathes along the mead,
or in such phrases as “this flowre-perfumed aire.” The poem is rich in
color, as in the descriptions of sunrise, and of various kinds of fruit.
Though it would be difficult to quote specific lines to prove the
statement, it is nevertheless true that the whole poem conveys in a
quite unusual degree a sense of warm, abiding affection for the simple
scenes of the country. “Smit with the peaceful joys of lowly life,” he
gives thanks for “the unmoved quiet of his silver daies,” and thinks
with dread of “the cares and pains in mad cities.” His use of Nature is
almost entirely in a running assemblage of sweet sights and sounds to
justify his preference for country life.
Another of the minor poets of this period is Dr. John Dalton. In 1755
he wrote a “Descriptive Poem,” inscribed to “Two Ladies, the Daughters
of Lord Lonsdale.” It is long, rambling, tedious, but it is of
historical importance as being probably the first poetical tribute to
the beauty of Westmoreland and Cumberland.
Then change the scene: to Nature’s pride,
Sweet Keswick’s vale, the Muse will guide.
The Muse, who trod th’ enchanted ground,
Who sail’d the wonderous lake around,
With you will haste once more to hail
The beauteous brook of Borrodale.
He speaks of the streams that
rejoice to roar
Down the rough rocks of dread Lodore,
and says that
Horrors like these at first alarm,
But soon with savage grandeur charm,
And raise to noblest thoughts your mind.
Thus by thy fall, Lodore, reclin’d,
The cragged cliff, inpendent wood,
Whose shadows mix o’er half the flood,
The gloomy clouds, which solemn sail,
Scarce lifted by the languid gale
O’er the cap’d hill and darken’d vale
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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