The authorities are divided as to the exact official hours of the day
for holding court. "The Sanhedrin sat from the close of the morning
sacrifice to the time of the evening sacrifice," is the language of the
Jerusalem Talmud.[106] Mendelsohn says: "The official hours for holding
court were between the morning service and noon; but a suit entered upon
during the legal hours could be carried on until evening, and civil
cases could be continued even after nightfall."[107] But in no case of a
criminal nature could the court continue its session during the
night.[108]
The Minor Sanhedrins in the provinces, as well as the local Courts of
Three, usually held their sessions in the most public place, that is, at
the city gate. The two Minor Sanhedrins of Jerusalem held their sessions
at the entrance to the Temple-mound and to the woman's department
respectively. The Great Sanhedrin convened in an apartment of the
national temple at Jerusalem, known as the _Lishkath haggazith_. This
apartment was the celebrated "Hall of Hewn Stones."[109]
_Recruitments._--The young Hebrew disciple who possessed the necessary
mental, spiritual, and personal qualifications for judicial honors was
styled Haber, which means associate, fellow.[110] Such a disciple was
first solemnly ordained and received the title of Zaken (elder) or
Rabbi. This title rendered him eligible to membership in the different
courts. But that he might acquire necessary experience for membership in
the Great Sanhedrin and became a sage worthy of Israel, he was required
to begin at the lowest rung of the judicial ladder and work gradually to
the top. He was first appointed by the Great Sanhedrin to a place in one
of the local courts, consisting of three members; he then served as a
member of one of the provincial Sanhedrins; was then promoted to the
first, and afterwards to the second Minor Sanhedrin at Jerusalem; and
was elevated finally to the Great Sanhedrin itself.[111] After this
manner, all the courts of the ancient Hebrews were recruited and
replenished from time to time; the young aspirant to judicial favors
beginning in the local Court of Three and rising by successive steps to
the Great Sanhedrin at Jerusalem.
The exact method of filling vacancies and thus replenishing the
membership of the Great Sanhedrin is not certainly known.[112] The
following extract from the Talmud, however, is thought to be
authoritative:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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