The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manualTrouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Science
The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manual
Trouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Astronomy -- Pictorial works
It has been shown that in approaching the Sun the comets become
considerably elongated, their particles being disseminated over immense
distances by the solar repulsion. It seems probable that, owing to its
feeble attractive power, the nucleus is incompetent to recall the
scattered cometary particles and retain them in its grasp when they are
relieved from the solar repulsion, so that they remain free from the
nucleus, although they continue to move along its orbit. It is
supposable that these cometary particles will scatter more and more in
course of time. Forming at first an elongated meteoric cloud, they will
finally spread along the whole orbit, and thus form a ring of meteoric
particles. Since our globe constantly moves in its orbit and daily
occupies a different position, it follows that at any point where such a
cometary orbit happens to cross that of the Earth, our globe will
necessarily encounter the cometary particles as a shower of meteors.
This encounter will take place at a certain time of the year, either
yearly, if they form a continuous ring, or after a succession of years,
if they simply form an elongated cloud. Such meteoric clouds or rings
would not be visible in ordinary circumstances, even through the largest
telescopes, except on penetrating the upper regions of our atmosphere,
when they would appear as showers of falling stars. It is supposed that
in penetrating our atmosphere, even in its most rarefied regions, these
meteors are heated by the resistance offered by the air to their motion,
first becoming luminous and then being finally vaporized and burnt
before they can reach the surface of the Earth.
The orbit of the comet of 1862, III., which so closely corresponds with
that of the Perseid meteors, is much more extended than that of Tempel's
comet corresponding with that of the Leonids. While the first extends
far beyond the orbit of Neptune, the latter only goes a little beyond
that of Uranus. The former orbit makes a considerable angle with the
plane of the Earth's orbit, but the latter is much nearer to parallelism
with it. The period of revolution of the first is 108 years, and that of
the last about 33¼ years.
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