The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manualTrouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Science
The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manual
Trouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Astronomy -- Pictorial works
The star-cluster in the constellation Hercules, designated as No. 4,230
in Sir J. Herschel's catalogue, and which is represented on Plate XIV.,
is one of the brightest and most condensed in the northern hemisphere,
although it is not so extended as several others, its angular diameter
being only 7' or 8'. This object, which was discovered by Halley in
1714, is one of the most beautiful of its class in the heavens.
According to Herschel, it is composed of thousands of stars between the
tenth and fifteenth magnitudes. Undoubtedly the stars composing this
group are very numerous, although those which can be distinctly seen as
individual stars, and whose position can be determined, are not so many
as a superficial look at the object would lead us to suppose. From a
long study of this cluster, which I have made with instruments of
various apertures, I have not been able to identify more stars than are
represented on the plate, although the nebulosity of which this object
mainly consists, and especially the region situated towards its centre,
appeared at times granular and blazing with countless points of light,
too faint and too flickering to be individually recognized. Towards its
centre there is quite an extended region, whose luminous intensity is
very great, and which irresistibly conveys the impression of the
globular structure of this cluster. Besides several outlying appendages,
formed by its nebulosity, the larger stars recognized in this cluster
are scattered and distributed in such a way that they form various
branches, corresponding with those formed by the irresolvable
nebulosity. At least six or seven of these branches and wings are
recognized, some of which are curved and bent in various ways, thus
giving this object a distant resemblance to some crustacean forms.
Although I have looked for it with care, I have failed to recognize the
spiral structure attributed to this object by several observers. Among
the six appendages which I have recognized, some are slightly curved;
but their curves are sometimes in opposite directions, and two branches
of the upper portion make so short a bend that they resemble a claw
rather than a spiral wing. The spectrum of this cluster, like that of
many objects of its class, is continuous, with the red end deficient.
A little to the north-east of this object is found the cluster No.
4,294, which, although smaller and less bright than the preceding, is
still quite interesting. It appears as a distinctly globular cluster
without wings, and much condensed towards its centre. The stars
individually recognized in it, although less bright than those of the
other cluster, are so very curiously distributed in curved lines that
they give a peculiar appearance to this condensed region.
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