[159:10] “There were imported in the British West Indies 4,000,000 Negro slaves and when they were manumitted there were 800,000. Into the Southern States 400,000 were imported and there were before the war 4,000,000; this decrease in the former and increase in the latter are strong facts. The climate influence was on the side of the West Indies. There must have been a very different treatment.”—Charleston (S. C.) _Mercury_, Nov. 23, 1863. Quoted by it from a London paper, written by an Englishwoman who had spent a short time in the South. [160:11] R. W. Woolley, _Pearson’s Magazine_, Feb., 1910, p. 210, quoting Drs. Seale, Harris and W. C. Woodward. [160:12] Report of Board of Prison Inspectors of Alabama, Sept., 1910-1914, p. 45. [161:13] Northern States: Me., Mass., Mich., N. J., N. Y., O., Pa., and R. I.; Southern: Md. and N. C. These were the only Southern States mentioned in this connection in the census. Northern cities: New Haven, Boston, Detroit, Atlantic City, Trenton, Cleveland, Springfield, Philadelphia, Chicago, and Kansas City; Southern: Washington, Baltimore, Wilmington, N. C., Mobile, Atlanta, Savannah, New Orleans, Memphis, Charleston, S. C., and Richmond. [162:14] Department of Commerce Bulletin 129, p. 44. [163:15] C. A. Ellwood: “Sociology and Modern Social Problems,” p. 212. TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES The text has been preserved as originally printed.