Just before the First World War, the Channel Tunnel Company, headed by
Baron Frederic Emile d'Erlanger's son, Baron Emile Beaumont d'Erlanger,
embarked on another crusade. In 1913, a deputation representing ninety
M.P.s favorable to the tunnel scheme visited Herbert Asquith, the
Prime Minister, to ask for the Government's approval for the scheme,
and the Liberal London _Daily Chronicle_, editorially proclaiming that
the advent of the airplane had put an end to England's position as an
island, came through with a big pro-tunnel press campaign. However, the
_Times_ of London continued to stick firmly to its ancient position,
and it ran an editorial restating its old arguments against the tunnel
and ingeniously adding a new one—that even if there were no real
possibility of invasion, the very existence of the tunnel "might even
itself lead to a precipitation of war, if in case of international
complications it was considered necessary, in a possible moment of
confusion, to close the tunnel at the Dover end." In July 1914,
less than a fortnight before the outbreak of war, the Committee of
Imperial Defense turned the tunnel scheme down again. But the value
of a Channel tunnel as a supply route for the Allied armies on the
Continent continued to be debated throughout the war, and when it was
over Marshal Foch declared publicly that "If the English and the French
had had a tunnel under the Channel in 1914, the war would have been
shortened by at least two years." The Marshal was promptly made the
honorary president of the Comité Français du Tunnel.
In postwar England, the tunnel project began to obtain heavy support
in Parliament. By 1924, some four hundred M.P.s—about two-thirds of
the House—were said to be for it, and the new Labor Prime Minister,
Ramsay MacDonald, promised a careful and sympathetic review of the
Government's position on the tunnel. He called all of the four living
former Prime Ministers—Lord Balfour, Herbert Asquith, Lloyd George,
and Stanley Baldwin—into consultation on the matter, as well as the
Committee of Imperial Defense. The Prime Ministers met for forty
minutes and rejected the scheme again, and MacDonald told Parliament
that the Government felt postwar military developments had "tended,
without exception, to render the Channel tunnel a more dangerous
experiment" than ever. Winston Churchill protested the decision. "I do
not hesitate to say that it was wrong," he told the House.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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