The Turkish Empire, Its Growth and DecayEversley, G. Shaw-Lefevre (George Shaw-Lefevre), Baron
History
The Turkish Empire, Its Growth and Decay
Eversley, G. Shaw-Lefevre (George Shaw-Lefevre), Baron
Turkey -- History
The rapid restoration of its fleet by the Porte gave fresh evidence
of its vital power and its unsurpassed resources. For a long time to
come the Ottoman navy, supported by the piratical contingents from its
Barbary dependents, held a virtual supremacy in the Mediterranean.
After the conclusion of peace between Venice and the Porte, Don John,
in October 1573, commanded a Spanish fleet in an expedition against
Tunis, which, as above stated, had been captured by Ouloudj on behalf
of the Turks. The task of Don John was the more easy as the Turks
had not succeeded in capturing the citadel, which was still in the
possession of its Spanish garrison. He had no difficulty in defeating
the few Turks who were in possession of the city of Tunis. He showed no
disposition to restore to his throne the Sultan Hamid. This miserable
creature appeared at Tunis and claimed to be reinstated there. But the
Spaniards would have nothing to do with him. He was deported to Naples.
Don John, having effected his object, departed to Spain, leaving at
Tunis a mixed garrison of eight thousand Italians and Spaniards. When
news of this capture reached Constantinople, Sokolli and Ouloudj were
greatly incensed. In 1574 a fleet of two hundred and sixty galleys
and galleasses with forty thousand men was sent out, under command
of Ouloudj, who made short work of the Spanish and Italian garrison
at Tunis, and recaptured the province, and finally annexed it to the
Turkish Empire. This probably could not have been effected if Venice
had remained in alliance with Spain, but alone the latter was not able
to meet the Ottoman fleet in the Mediterranean.
In 1574 Selim died under the influence of drink, and was succeeded by
his son, Murad III, as much a nullity as regards public affairs as his
father. Sokolli remained as Grand Vizier till his death, four years
later, by the hands of an assassin, but with diminishing power, owing
to the intrigues of the Sultan’s harem, which eventually contrived his
end.
In 1578, the last year of Sokolli’s vizierate, war again broke out
with Persia, and a great army was sent to Asia, under command of
Mustapha, the conqueror of Cyprus. It began by invading Georgia, then
under a native Christian prince in close alliance with, if not under
the subjection of, Persia. Mustapha had no difficulty in conquering
Georgia, and in occupying the adjacent Persian provinces of Azerbijan,
Loristan, and Scherhezol. He penetrated to Dhagestan, on the Caspian.
The war was continued under Sokolli’s successors for some years with
varying fortune. It was not till 1590 that a treaty of peace was
concluded with Persia, under which these provinces were ceded to the
Ottoman Empire.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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