Treaty of Sèvres (1920); World War, 1914-1918 -- Territorial questions -- Turkey; World War, 1914-1918 -- Turkey
“It is, of course, impossible to obtain absolutely accurate figures
at the present moment, partly because all censuses taken since
about the beginning of the century are open to suspicion from
racial prejudice, and partly because of the policy of expulsion
and deportation pursued by the Turkish Government both during
and before the war. For instance, apart from the Greeks who were
evicted during the Balkan wars, over 100,000 Greeks were deported
into Anatolia from Turkish Thrace in the course of these wars,
while about 100,000 were driven across the frontiers of Turkish
Thrace. These refugees are now returning in large numbers. But
after the study of all the evidence judged impartially, the best
estimate which the Foreign Office could make is that the
population of Turkish Thrace, in 1919, was 313,000 Greeks and
225,000 Turks.... This is confirmed by the study of the Turkish
official statistics in 1894, the last census taken before the
Greco-Turkish war, after which ... all censuses as to races
in these parts became open to suspicion. According to these
statistics, the population of Turkish Thrace and of the part of
Bulgarian Thrace ceded to the Allies by the treaty of Neuilly was:
Greeks, 304,500: Mussulmans, 265,300; Bulgarians, 72,500.”
On receipt of this communication, the delegation naturally asked to
what region the Greeks “who were evicted during the Balkan wars”
had migrated, and to what extent, according to the Foreign Office
estimates, “counter-migration of Turks had taken place into what is
the present Turkish Thrace,” when Macedonia was made, on the authority
of Englishmen themselves, “an empty egg-shell” and when the Greeks and
Bulgarians had decided to leave no Turks in the occupied territories,
to make a “Turkish question” within the newly extended boundaries of
Greece and Bulgaria. It was natural that part of the Turkish population
driven away from Macedonia should settle down in the Turkish territory
conterminous to Eastern Thrace, as it actually did.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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