[342:1] Englishmen often ask the meaning of the phrase "the yellow press." The history of it is as follows: In 1895, Mr. W. R. Hearst, having had experience as a journalist in California, purchased the New York _Journal_, which was at the time a more or less unsuccessful publication, and, spending money lavishly, converted it into the most enterprising, as well as the most sensational, paper that New York or any other American city had ever seen. In catering to the prejudices of the mass of the people, he invaded the province of the New York _World_. In the "war" between the two which followed, one began and the other immediately adopted the plan of using yellow ink in the printing of certain cartoons (or pictures of the _Ally Sloper_ type) with which they adorned certain pages of their Sunday editions especially. The term "yellow press" was applied at first only to those two papers, but soon extended to include other publications which copied their general style. The yellow ink was, I believe, actually first employed by the _World_; but the _Journal_ was the aggressor in the fight and in most particulars it was that paper which set the pace, and it, or Mr. Hearst, rightly bears the responsibility for the creation of yellow journalism. CHAPTER XIII THE GROWTH OF HONESTY The Superiority of the Anglo-Saxon--America's Resemblance to Japan--A German View--Can Americans Lie?--Honesty as the Best Policy--Religious Sentiment--Moral and Immoral Railway Managers--A Struggle for Self-Preservation--Gentlemen in Business--Peculation among Railway Servants--How the Old Order Changes, Yielding Place to New--The Strain on British Machinery--Americans as Story-Tellers--The Incredibility of the Actual.