[Footnote 34: The distinguishing excellence of the Madras system is not that it lodges in the pupils themselves the functions which on the old systems belong to the masters, and thus at the same blow by which it secures greater accuracy of knowledge gets rid of a great expense in masters: for this, though a great merit, is a derivative merit: the condition of the possibility of this advantage lies in a still greater--viz. in the artificial _mechanism_ of the system by which, when once established, the system works itself, and thus neutralises and sets at defiance all difference of ability in the teachers--which previously determined the whole success of the school. Hence is obtained this prodigious result--that henceforward the blessing of education in its elementary parts is made independent of accident, and as much carried out of the empire of _luck_ as the manufacture of woollens or cottons. That it is _mechanic_, is no conditional praise (as alleged by the author before us), but the absolute praise of the Madras system: neither is there any just ground of fear, as he and many others have insinuated, that it should injure the freedom of the human intellect.] [Footnote 35: We have since found that we have not room for it; the case is stated and argued in the Appendix (pp. 220-227); but in our opinion not fairly argued. The appellant's plea was sound, and ought not to have been set aside. [At the end of the Paper I have restored this 'CASE OF APPEAL' from the original work.--H.]]