The Underground Railroad from Slavery to Freedom: A comprehensive historySiebert, Wilbur Henry
History
The Underground Railroad from Slavery to Freedom: A comprehensive history
Siebert, Wilbur Henry
Fugitive slaves -- United States; Underground Railroad
In a letter dated Lawrence, Kan., March 23, 1893, Mr. Fitch Reed
gives some of the circumstances connected with the progress of
this company through the last stages of its journey. He says: "In
1853, there came over the road twenty-eight in one gang, with a
conductor by the name of Fairfield, from Virginia, who had aided
in liberating all his father's and uncle's slaves, and there was
a reward out for him of five hundred dollars, dead or alive. They
had fifty-two rounds of arms, and were determined not to be taken
alive. Four teams from my house [in Cambridge, Mich.] started at
sunset, drove through Clinton after dark, got to Ypsilanti before
daylight. Stayed at Bro. Ray's through the day. At noon, Bro.
M. Coe, from our station, got on the cars and went to Detroit,
and left Ray to drive his team. Coe informed the friends of the
situation, and made arrangements for their reception. The friends
came out to meet them ten miles before we came to Detroit,
piloted us to a large boarding-house by the side of the river.
Two hundred abolitionists took breakfast with them just before
daylight. We procured boats enough for Fairfield and his crew.
As they pushed off from shore, they all commenced singing the
song, 'I am on my way to Canada, where colored men are free,' and
continued firing off their arms till out of hearing. At eight
o'clock, the ferry-boats started, and the station-keepers went
over and spent most of the day with them."
Northern men residing or travelling in the South were sometimes
tempted to encourage slaves to flee to Canada, or even to plan and
execute abductions. Jacob Cummings, a slave belonging to a small
planter, James Smith, of southeastern Tennessee, was befriended by
a Mr. Leonard, of Chattanooga, who had become an abolitionist in
Albany, New York, before his removal to the South. Cummings was
occasionally sent on errands to Mr. Leonard's store. This gave the
Northerner the desired opportunity to show his slave customer where
Ohio and Indiana are on the map, and to advise him to go to Canada.
As Cummings had a "hard master" he did not long delay his going.[484]
[484] Conversation with Jacob Cummings, Columbus, O., April, 1894.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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