pounds for each day's entertainment.[845] Similar acts were passed by Virginia in 1657,[846] 1666,[847] and 1726.[848] The last act required masters of vessels to swear that they would make diligent search of their craft to prevent the stowing away of servants or slaves eager to escape from their owners. An act of Maryland passed in 1666 established a fine of five hundred pounds of casked tobacco for the first night's hospitality, one thousand pounds for the second, and fifteen hundred pounds for each succeeding night.[849] A law of New Jersey in 1668 laid a penalty of five pounds in money and such damages as the court should adjudge upon any one transporting or contriving the transportation of an apprentice or servant;[850] while another law, enacted seven years later, declared that every inhabitant guilty of harboring an apprentice, servant or slave, should forfeit to his master or dame ten shillings for every day's concealment, and, if unable to pay this amount, should be liable to the judgment of the court.[851] Provisions are also to be found in the regulations of Massachusetts Bay,[852] Rhode Island,[853] Connecticut,[854] Pennsylvania[855] and North Carolina,[856] clearly intended to discourage the entertainment or the transportation of fugitives. It is interesting to note that in these early times Canada was a refuge for fugitives. In 1705 New York passed a law, which was reënacted ten years later, to prevent the escape of negro slaves from the city and county of Albany to the French in Canada. The reason given for the law was the necessity of keeping from the French in time of war knowledge that might prove serviceable for military purposes.[857] [838] _Laws and Ordinances of New Netherlands_, 32. [839] _Ibid._ [840] _Ibid._, 104. [841] _Laws of New Netherlands_, 344. [842] _Acts of Province of New York from 1691 to 1718_, p. 58. [843] _Ibid._, 193. [844] _Statutes at Large_, Hening, _Laws of Virginia_, I, 253. [845] _Ibid._, I, 401. [846] _Ibid._, I, 439. [847] _Ibid._, II, 239. [848] _Ibid._, IV, 168. [849] _Maryland Archives, Assembly Proceedings_, 147. [850] _New Jersey Laws_, 82. [851] _Ibid._, 109. [852] _Charters and General Laws of the Colony and Province of Massachusetts Bay_, 386, 750 (1707 and 1718 respectively). [853] _Proceedings of General Assembly, Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Providence_, 177; _Records of Colony of Rhode Island_, 177. [854] _Acts and Laws of His Majestie's Colony of Connecticut_, 229 (1730 probably). [855] _Province Laws of Pennsylvania_, Philadelphia, 1725; _Province Laws of Pennsylvania_, 325. [856] _Laws of North Carolina_, 89 (1741); _Ibid._, 371 (1779). [857] _Acts of Province of New York_, 77 (1705); _Laws of Province of New York_, 218 (1715); Marion G. McDougall, _Fugitive Slaves_, 8. [Illustration: GERRIT SMITH, M.C., the multi-millionnaire, whose mansion in Peterboro, New York, was a station.]