The Useful Arts Employed in the Construction of Dwelling Houses. Second EditionAnonymous
History
The Useful Arts Employed in the Construction of Dwelling Houses. Second Edition
Anonymous
Architecture, Domestic; Building materials; Dwellings -- Design and construction
The house is lighted by gas in every part; but no offensive vapour
or inconvenience of any kind appears ever to be felt from it. The
distribution pipes are of greater diameter than are generally employed,
and the pressure or current is thereby so equalized, that no sinkings
or flutterings of the flame are caused by the opening and shutting
of doors. The forms and proportions of the Argand burners and glass
chimneys are also so arranged as to effect nearly a maximum development
of light (of an agreeable hue) from the gas, and to prevent any
disengagement of sooty vapour; and the white and gold ceilings of the
drawing-room are said to attest the complete success with which this
latter object has been attained. The mirrors over the chimney-pieces
have statuary marble frames, and each chimney-piece has two gas lights.
But the use of gas in the kitchen is perhaps the most remarkable. Here
there is a _gas-cooking_ apparatus. In the application of gas for
cooking, the arrangements are generally as follow:--A metallic ring,
pierced on its upper side with a great number of holes of very small
size, is attached to the pipe communicating with the gas main, and is
placed within a double drum or cylinder of iron, raised an inch or two
from the floor on short legs. This double cylinder is so constructed
as to leave a space between the inner and the outer cylinder of about
two inches; and in this space near to the bottom, the pierced ring is
fixed. A stop-cock in the pipe connecting the pierced ring with the
gas main shuts off the supply of gas when the stove is not in use. On
opening the cock, and applying the gas to the pierced ring, a brilliant
ring of flame is immediately produced, which soon heats both cylinders.
The air within the inner cylinder ascends into the room, which it
helps to warm; the outer surface of the outer cylinder also performs a
similar service; while the space between the two cylinders contains the
products of combustion, which are allowed to escape into the room, if
the heating power of the whole is required; but which are carried off
by an inclosed channel, if it be wished to protect the air of the room
from deleterious mixture.
In this house, the gas-cooking stoves are eight in number, the mouth of
each being four inches in diameter, a size which experience has shown
to be the most useful. The kitchen fire-place is no larger than is
requisite for roasting; all the other processes being performed either
in the oven, the steaming vessels, or at the gas stoves. These stoves
are placed in the bay of a large window, thus giving the cook the
advantage of a good light above the level of the pans. A close boiler
at the back of the grate affords steam for the cooking utensils and for
a hot closet; it also contains a coil of iron tubing, through which the
water of a bath, placed in a dressing-room on the chamber floor, is
made to circulate when a hot bath is wanted.
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