The useful trees of northern NigeriaLely, Hugh Vandervaes
Science
The useful trees of northern Nigeria
Lely, Hugh Vandervaes
Plants, Useful -- Nigeria, Northern; Trees -- Nigeria, Northern
=The Bark= is very rough and vertically fissured, light grey with long,
corky ridges and regular sized scales. A clear gum exudes from a cut.
Annual fires are harmless but cause a large amount of charcoal on the
outside so that the stems are nearly always blackened. The slash is
pale brown.
=The Wood= is a dirty grey colour, very soft, brittle and easy to work,
is not durable, rots readily and weighs only 23 lbs. a cubic foot. In
transverse section the rings are dark lines at broad intervals and
the rays are clearly visible to the unaided eye. The pores are open
and distributed in small rows, singles and groups between the rays; a
useless wood.
=The Leaves= are digitate with about 8 digits, in length from some
10-20 inches in the one leaf. They spring from the tips of the blunt
twigs in an erect bunch, at first almost purple in colour. Each has a
2 feet long stalk and the edges are serrate. They are pale green in
colour.
=The Flowers= appear in February and are on stout spikes of weird shape
and appearance, which grow well over a foot long and are about one
inch thick. The flower spike shows flowers and fruits in all stages
of maturity from the bud to the seed and may be straight or twisted
and tangled up with the others on the twig. Each flower is pale green
with 5 petals, between ½ and ¾ inch across, with 5 stamens and a bifid
stigma on a stout ovary.
[Illustration]
=DETARIUM SENEGALENSE= Gmel.—_Taura_. LEGUMINOSAE.
In the north this species is generally quite a small tree from 15-20
feet high with a few erect branches forming a small flat-topped crown.
Often, however, quite large trees can be seen, even in the driest
country, and further south large specimens up to 40 feet high with
girths over 6 feet are not uncommon. In the southern provinces, the
same tree will grow to a height of 80 feet with a 12 feet girth.
The larger portion of the height is almost always the crown, which
is spreading and dense, giving good shade. The tree is readily
distinguished by its bluish bark and round, compressed fruits. The
small trees show enlarged tips to the branches from which the leaves
spring. In places it is so common as to form almost pure forest over
small areas.
=The Bark= is bluish-grey, with large polygonal scales. On young trees
there are yellowish patches where the scales have fallen and the bark
of the smaller branches is ochrous and powdery. The slash is pale
crimson.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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