The useful trees of northern NigeriaLely, Hugh Vandervaes
Science
The useful trees of northern Nigeria
Lely, Hugh Vandervaes
Plants, Useful -- Nigeria, Northern; Trees -- Nigeria, Northern
=The Wood= is dark brown or red-brown. In transverse section the rings
are slightly darker lines, the pores are small, clear and open, mostly
single, some in groups or nests of 2-4, rather unevenly and widely
scattered. The rays are visible, not all continuous, some broader
than others, evenly spaced with room for the pores between, showing
in radial section as brown bands, so conspicuous on the sapwood as to
colour it. In vertical section the pores are light coloured in the
heartwood and dark in the sapwood, in which the resinous pore contents
darken the wood in rings, showing as lines in the vertical section. The
wood is tough and hard and not easy to work, though it has a slight
sheen and takes a polish. The weight is 55 lbs. a cubic foot.
=The Leaves= are pinnate, 6 or 7 inches long with 6-10 alternate or
opposite elliptical leaflets some 3 inches long and 1½ inches broad.
Those nearer the top are more oval, those at the base rounder. The
tip has a slight cleft. The leaf-stalks are very short and stout and
covered with dusty brown hairs. The surface is waxy, there may be a few
hairs, and bluish-green. The texture is rather leathery.
=The Flowers=, which appear in May, are found in masses all over the
tree. They grow on short, branched stalks in dense clusters. There are
no petals, their place being taken by the white petal-like sepals, 4
in number. There are 8 short, curved stamens with yellow anthers and a
short pistil.
=The Fruit= is a drupe about 1½ inches across and flattened to about
¾ inch. It has a brown outer skin, a greenish, mealy flesh full of
fibres which when the flesh decays remain round the kernel. This flesh
is sweet and edible, but not very palatable. On small trees clusters
of abortive fruits are found; little round, brown-green, soft growths
which do not mature.
=Uses.=—The flesh is used by the natives in the manufacture of the
sweetmeat “madi.”
Where it is large enough the timber is used for mortars, but the size
is, as a rule, against this use.
[Illustration]
=DICHROSTACHYS NUTANS= Br.—_Dundu_. LEGUMINOSAE.
A very common, acacia-like shrub which occurs in dense thickets in
open situations. It averages about 10 feet high, though it will
attain nearly 30 feet, branches near the ground and is most readily
distinguished both by its flowers and pods. It is of no use in the
composition of the forest, but is quite ornamental in flower.
=The Thorns= are modified branches, each twig ending in a thorn which
bears leaves, and is almost black in colour.
=The Leaves= are bipinnate, up to 4 inches long with 10-15 opposite
pinnae, each bearing 15-20 pairs of dark, dull-green leaflets.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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