The useful trees of northern NigeriaLely, Hugh Vandervaes
Science
The useful trees of northern Nigeria
Lely, Hugh Vandervaes
Plants, Useful -- Nigeria, Northern; Trees -- Nigeria, Northern
=The Flowers= which appear in March, when the fruit is ripe or fallen,
are male and female on different trees. The spadix of both sexes is
similar, up to 4 feet long with 2-3 spikes rising from the small
branches at intervals along the spadix. The males are small green
flowers with 3 sepals, 3 petals and 6 stamens, massed on the spikes,
often spirally in rows up the spike. The females have very short stalks
and have 3 sepals, 3 shorter petals, 6 rudimentary stamens and a
3-lobed ovary.
=The Fruits= are 2½—3 inches long and 2-2½ inches broad, light brown
when ripe, reddish-brown before ripe, roughly showing 3 lobes on the
exterior, smooth and hard. They contain a large, hollow kernel, very
hard. The fruit ripens in March.
=Uses.=—The leaves are used for mats, hats, baskets, fans and various
plaited articles. The unripe kernel is eaten raw and the rind of the
fruit is used for making sweets. Elsewhere the kernels have been used
for buttons.
[Illustration]
=ISOBERLINIA DALZIELII= Craib & Stapf.—_Fara doka_. LEGUMINOSAE.
This species is very similar to _I. doka_, the outstanding difference
being its generally paler colour in all its parts, especially in the
leaves which are covered with a grey bloom. Its habit is the same and
its form similar, though it differs in having a higher and rounder
crown when small, the leaves not drooping so markedly as those of
the other species. The bole is longer and the tree attains a greater
height than does _I. doka_. A height of over 60 feet with a girth of 8
feet is not uncommon in forests of this species as well as in single
examples. Long, clean boles with short, rounded root-flanges and high,
flat-topped crowns are typical. It regenerates with the same profusion
and is as susceptible to fire as _I. doka_, hollow stems in old trees
being the general rule. This species seems to prefer stony and shallow
soils and over large areas of such it grows pure, often to the total
exclusion of _I. doka_.
=The Bark= is light grey, smoother than that of _I. doka_, and has
rather large, oval scales which leave light brown scars. The slash is
pale crimson.
=The Wood= is light red in colour with open grain of this colour and
silvery streaks. The sap is dirty white. Weight 50 lbs. a cubic foot.
=The Leaves= are large, very variable in size and averaging some
18 inches. They have usually 7 leaflets covered with a soft grey
bloom which gives them a bluish appearance. They are rounder, paler
and softer in texture than those of _I. doka_, and the bloom is
particularly marked in young leaves which pass through the same grades
of colouring from pink to green as do those of _I. doka_.
=The Flowers= are in large panicles and appear in December. Each is
composed of 5 irregular white petals and 5 narrow, pointed sepals, and
10 long stamens, the whole enclosed in a blackish-green, hard, rounded
case which splits into two halves in the axil of which the flower sits.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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