The useful trees of northern NigeriaLely, Hugh Vandervaes
Science
The useful trees of northern Nigeria
Lely, Hugh Vandervaes
Plants, Useful -- Nigeria, Northern; Trees -- Nigeria, Northern
=The Fruits= are jointed pods, varying in length according as they
contain 1-6 seeds, the longest being 6-7 inches long. They are jointed,
light brown and veined, and when ripe are very light and brittle. The
seeds are ⅓ inch long, black, oval, round in cross section, very hard
and smooth and rattling loose in the pod. They may be found for some
months in the year, particularly in February.
=Uses.=—Ornamental and shade providing.
[Illustration]
=PROSOPIS OBLONGA= Benth.—_Kiriya_. LEGUMINOSAE.
A large tree attaining a height of over 60 feet with girths of 6-7
feet. In good forest it may have a bole length of 30 feet, but in the
open savannahs it is branched to within a few feet of the ground, as a
rule, and its crooked limbs form an irregular, rather open crown. The
finer twigs droop considerably and the tree may bear some resemblance
to _Tamarindus_. In old trees in good forest there is a high, wide
crown, open, and giving little shade. There are small rounded root
flanges. The features which most readily distinguish it are its bark,
colour of foliage and pods, q.v. It likes good, open soils.
=The Bark= is almost black, with ragged, crisp, curling scales which
are concave on the outer surface and leave light brown patches where
they fall. Sometimes the bark has a bluish tint. That of the smaller
branches is light grey or brownish and smooth. The slash is reddish,
darkening to orange and red-brown.
=The Wood= is a rich red brown. The sapwood is grey. In transverse
section the rings are indistinct, the pores are open, regularly
distributed, mostly single, a few double. The rays are very fine, waved
and unevenly spaced, not visible to the naked eye. In vertical section
the pores are seen to have dark resin contents, the grain is open, and
there are bands of colour, the lighter soft wood picking up and the
darker hard tissue planing smooth, according to direction of planing.
There is a marked reflection of light from these bands. It blunts axes,
is hard to saw, must be finished with glass-paper after planing, when a
fine surface is obtained, oily to the touch. It will not take nails. A
very tough, strong, durable timber. Weight 65 lbs. a cubic foot.
=The Leaves= are bipinnate with 2-4 opposite pairs of pinnae each
bearing some 6-10 leaflets ¾-1 inch long and ¼ inch or more wide, with
a pointed tip and the rib not in the middle. They are light green and
softly pubescent. The pairs are inclined to the top side of the main
stalk and between each pair of pinnae there is a little gland. The base
of the stalks is much enlarged.
=The Flowers= are in short pedunculate spikes, the latter 1½-2½ inches
long and densely composed of small yellowish flowers, which appear in
May. Each flower has a 5-lobed calyx, 10 stamens with yellow anthers
and a short hairy pistil. The flowers are sweet-scented.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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