The Vagrancy Problem.: The Case for Measures of Restraint for Tramps, Loafers, and Unemployables: With a Study of Continental Detention Colonies and Labour HousesDawson, William Harbutt
History
The Vagrancy Problem.: The Case for Measures of Restraint for Tramps, Loafers, and Unemployables: With a Study of Continental Detention Colonies and Labour Houses
Dawson, William Harbutt
Poor laws; Poor laws -- Great Britain; Tramps; Unemployed
"Most escapes take place amongst the agricultural labourers. About
twenty-three gangs, each composed of from 60 to 100 men, work daily
in the fields and the fir woods, everywhere a league away from the
establishment. Each gang is accompanied by one warder and a sentinel
only, hence these agricultural labourers have the greatest possible
facility for escaping. Mainly, however, to the signals which are
immediately given to the gendarmes, and to the special watch organised
by the brigade of gendarmerie in the vicinity of the Colony, a
large number of fugitives, recognised by clothing belonging to the
establishment which they wear, are quickly recaptured. One may say,
in general, that the fugitives of Merxplas are, as a rule, recaptured
within fifteen hours of their escape. The men thus recaptured are
punished with a fortnight's interment in cell, and are afterwards
kept in closed quarters, from which it is impossible to escape again,
for a number of months proportionate to their attempts to abscond.
Persons guilty of repeated attempts, who are confined in these closed
quarters, receive reduced wages.
"The virtual certainty that they will be recaptured after a brief
interval, the salutary fear of the punishment which awaits them, and
the lack of proper clothing are reasons why the number of escapes is
not far greater than is the case.
"Those who escape are the energetic men who, influenced by some
ruling idea--it may be of a family in distress or other motives less
laudable--seek to reclass themselves. They are not always, by any
means, the most corrupt, and often when I learn, from a police report,
that a fugitive is following regular work, I ask the Minister (of
Justice) to suspend the order for his recapture.
"From the standpoint of the general security of the establishment,
the facility of escape constitutes a valuable safety valve, which it
is expedient to recognise. In truth, the latent energies which impel
a man, at all costs, to seek emancipation from the bondage which he
has to endure in the Beggars' Depot are exhausted by flight. If that
alternative did not exist, the elements of frequent revolts would
exist, and these would compel the administration to increase greatly
the existing number of warders."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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