The Value of MoneyAnderson, Benjamin M. (Benjamin McAlester)
General
The Value of Money
Anderson, Benjamin M. (Benjamin McAlester)
Money
We cannot tell, in these figures for Louisiana, how many banks are
represented, or what the average figures per bank are. For the whole
State of Arkansas, however, including five cities of over 10,000, with
two over 20,000, and one of 45,000, we can get an average for ninety
reporting banks. Even here we do not know where these banks are located
within the State; though it is probable that they are in the larger
places, and so exceed the average deposits for the banks in the State as
a whole, to say nothing of the average for the smaller places. The
ninety banks are almost wholly State and national banks.
_Arkansas:_ _Per Cent._
Retail deposits $232,017 25+
Wholesale deposits 231,614 25+
"All other" deposits 456,544 49+
The average for all deposits, per bank, in Arkansas is $10,224; the
average for all the 11,492 banks reporting for the whole country is,
approximately, $60,000; the average for the 659 banks reporting from New
York State is $502,136; the average for the banks in New York City alone
is doubtless much higher, but cannot be stated, as Kinley's figures do
not tell how many banks reported by cities.[253]
The "all other deposits" in Arkansas are 27.8% cash, and 72.2% checks;
the "all other" deposits in the country as a whole are only 4.1% cash,
with 95.9% checks; the "all other deposits" of New York City are only 1%
cash, with 98.9% checks.
Several facts are very clear from these comparisons: (1) the proportion
of "all other deposits" increases very rapidly as we get closer to the
great centres of speculation, and is lowest in rural regions; (2) the
great bulk of all the deposits is in the cities. The average for
Arkansas banks, for example, is only one-sixth the average of the whole
country, and is only one-fiftieth the average for the banks of New York
State. It is a much smaller fraction of the average for New York City,
but we cannot give an exact figure. The totals reported from the rural
regions are trifling, as compared with the totals reported from the big
cities. This, as will be made clear in the chapter on "Statistical
Demonstrations of the Quantity Theory," is not because the country
reports were less complete that the city reports. New York was probably
less complete than the country as a whole. It is simply because the
activity of country accounts is small, the amount of trading in the
country districts small, and (as shown) the _average_ for country banks
is small. (3) The character of the "all other" deposits in Arkansas
differs substantially from that of the "all other" deposits in New York
City, as indicated by the fact that the proportion of cash is high in
Arkansas--substantially higher, in fact, for the "all other" deposits in
Arkansas than for all deposits, or even for retail deposits, in the
country as a whole. The percentage of checks in total retail deposits in
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