[59] ‘The Veterinary,’ vol. viii. p. 681 and vol. x. p. 268. Low’s ‘Domest. Animals, etc.’ p. 297. [60] Mr. Ogleby in ‘Proc. Zoolog. Soc.,’ 1836, p. 138, and 1840, p. 4. Quatrefages quotes Philippi (‘Revue des Cours Scientifiques,’ Feb. 12, 1688, p. 657), that the cattle of Piacentino have thirteen dorsal vertebræ and ribs in the place of the ordinary number of twelve. [61] Leguat’s Voyage, quoted by Vasey in his ‘Delineations of the Ox-tribe,’ p. 132. [62] ‘Travels in South Africa,’ pp. 317, 336. [63] ‘Mem. de l’Institut présent. par divers Savans,’ tom. vi., 1835, p. 333. For Brazil, _see_ ‘Comptes Rendus,’ June 15, 1846. _See_ Azara ‘Quadrupèdes du Paraguay,’ tom. ii. pp. 359, 361. [64] ‘Schweineschädel,’ 1864, s. 104. Nathusius states that the form of skull characteristic in the niata cattle occasionally appears in European cattle; but he is mistaken, as we shall hereafter see, in supposing that these cattle do not form a distinct race. Prof. Wyman, of Cambridge, United States, informs me that the common cod-fish presents a similar monstrosity, called by the fishermen “bull-dog cod.” Prof. Wyman also concluded, after making numerous inquiries in La Plata, that the niata cattle transmit their peculiarities or form a race. [65] ‘Ueber Art des zahmen Europ. Rindes,’ 1866, s. 28. [66] ‘Descriptive Cat. of Ost. Collect. of College of Surgeons,’ 1853, p. 624. Vasey in his ‘Delineations of the Ox-tribe’ has given a figure of this skull; and I sent a photograph of it to Prof. Rütimeyer. [67] Loudon’s ‘Magazine of Nat. Hist.,’ vol. i. 1829, p. 113. Separate figures are given of the animal, its hoofs, eye, and dewlap. [68] Low, ‘Domesticated Animals of the British Isles,’ p. 264. [69] ‘Mém. de l’Institut présent. Par divers Savans,’ tom. vi., 1835, p. 332. [70] Idem, pp. 304, 368, etc. [71] ‘Youatt on Cattle,’ p. 193. A full account of this bull is taken from Marshall. [72] ‘Youatt on Cattle,’ p. 116. Lord Spencer has written on this same subject. [73] Blyth, on the genus Ovis, in ‘Annals and Mag. of Nat. History,’ vol. vii., 1841, p. 261. With respect to the parentage of the breeds _see_ Mr. Blyth’s excellent articles in ‘Land and Water,’ 1867, pp. 134, 156. Gervais, ‘Hist. Nat. des Mammifères,’ 1855, tom. ii. p. 191. [74] Dr. L. Fitzinger, ‘Ueber die Racen des Zahmen Schafes,’ 1860, s. 86. [75] J. Anderson, ‘Recreations in Agriculture and Natural History,’ vol. ii. p. 264. [76] ‘Pfahlbauten’ s. 127, 193. [77] ‘Youatt on Sheep,’ p. 120. [78] ‘Journal of the Asiatic Soc. of Bengal,’ vol.xvi. pp. 1007, 1016. [79] ‘Youatt on Sheep,’ pp. 142-169. [80] ‘Journal Asiat. Soc. of Bengal,’ vol. xvi., 1847, p. 1015. [81] ‘Hist. Nat. Gén.,’ tom. iii. p. 435. [82] ‘Youatt on Sheep,’ p. 138. [83] ‘Journal Asiat. Soc. of Bengal,’ vol. xvi., 1847, pp. 1015, 1016. [84] ‘Racen des Zahmen Schafes,’ s. 77. [85] ‘Rural Economy of Norfolk,’ vol. ii. p. 136.