The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human NatureJames, William
ReligionComparative
The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature
James, William
Conversion; Experience (Religion); Philosophy and religion; Psychology, Religious; Religion
“Whilst in this state of philosophic pessimism and general
depression of spirits about my prospects, I went one evening into
a dressing‐room in the twilight to procure some article that was
there; when suddenly there fell upon me without any warning, just
as if it came out of the darkness, a horrible fear of my own
existence. Simultaneously there arose in my mind the image of an
epileptic patient whom I had seen in the asylum, a black‐haired
youth with greenish skin, entirely idiotic, who used to sit all
day on one of the benches, or rather shelves against the wall,
with his knees drawn up against his chin, and the coarse gray
undershirt, which was his only garment, drawn over them inclosing
his entire figure. He sat there like a sort of sculptured Egyptian
cat or Peruvian mummy, moving nothing but his black eyes and
looking absolutely non‐human. This image and my fear entered into
a species of combination with each other. _That shape am I_, I
felt, potentially. Nothing that I possess can defend me against
that fate, if the hour for it should strike for me as it struck
for him. There was such a horror of him, and such a perception of
my own merely momentary discrepancy from him, that it was as if
something hitherto solid within my breast gave way entirely, and I
became a mass of quivering fear. After this the universe was
changed for me altogether. I awoke morning after morning with a
horrible dread at the pit of my stomach, and with a sense of the
insecurity of life that I never knew before, and that I have never
felt since.(83) It was like a revelation; and although the
immediate feelings passed away, the experience has made me
sympathetic with the morbid feelings of others ever since. It
gradually faded, but for months I was unable to go out into the
dark alone.
“In general I dreaded to be left alone. I remember wondering how
other people could live, how I myself had ever lived, so
unconscious of that pit of insecurity beneath the surface of life.
My mother in particular, a very cheerful person, seemed to me a
perfect paradox in her unconsciousness of danger, which you may
well believe I was very careful not to disturb by revelations of
my own state of mind. I have always thought that this experience
of melancholia of mine had a religious bearing.”
On asking this correspondent to explain more fully what he meant by these
last words, the answer he wrote was this:—
“I mean that the fear was so invasive and powerful that if I had
not clung to scripture‐texts like ‘The eternal God is my refuge,’
etc., ‘Come unto me, all ye that labor and are heavy‐laden,’ etc.,
‘I am the resurrection and the life,’ etc., I think I should have
grown really insane.”(84)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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