The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human NatureJames, William
ReligionComparative
The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature
James, William
Conversion; Experience (Religion); Philosophy and religion; Psychology, Religious; Religion
The force of personal faith, enthusiasm, and example, and above all the
force of novelty, are always the prime suggestive agency in this kind of
success. If mind‐cure should ever become official, respectable, and
intrenched, these elements of suggestive efficacy will be lost. In its
acuter stages every religion must be a homeless Arab of the desert. The
church knows this well enough, with its everlasting inner struggle of the
acute religion of the few against the chronic religion of the many,
indurated into an obstructiveness worse than that which irreligion opposes
to the movings of the Spirit. “We may pray,” says Jonathan Edwards,
“concerning all those saints that are not lively Christians, that they may
either be enlivened, or taken away; if that be true that is often said by
some at this day, that these cold dead saints do more hurt than natural
men, and lead more souls to hell, and that it would be well for mankind if
they were all dead.”(56)
The next condition of success is the apparent existence, in large numbers,
of minds who unite healthy‐mindedness with readiness for regeneration by
letting go. Protestantism has been too pessimistic as regards the natural
man, Catholicism has been too legalistic and moralistic, for either the
one or the other to appeal in any generous way to the type of character
formed of this peculiar mingling of elements. However few of us here
present may belong to such a type, it is now evident that it forms a
specific moral combination, well represented in the world.
Finally, mind‐cure has made what in our protestant countries is an
unprecedentedly great use of the subconscious life. To their reasoned
advice and dogmatic assertion, its founders have added systematic exercise
in passive relaxation, concentration, and meditation, and have even
invoked something like hypnotic practice. I quote some passages at
random:—
“The value, the potency of ideals is the great practical truth on
which the New Thought most strongly insists,—the development
namely from within outward, from small to great.(57) Consequently
one’s thought should be centred on the ideal outcome, even though
this trust be literally like a step in the dark.(58) To attain the
ability thus effectively to direct the mind, the New Thought
advises the practice of concentration, or in other words, the
attainment of self‐control. One is to learn to marshal the
tendencies of the mind, so that they may be held together as a
unit by the chosen ideal. To this end, one should set apart times
for silent meditation, by one’s self, preferably in a room where
the surroundings are favorable to spiritual thought. In New
Thought terms, this is called ‘entering the silence.’ ”(59)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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