Canal from Suez to the East Nile commenced by Ptolemy Philadelphus, 71 „ „ „ Aden, constructed by De Lesseps, 94 Cape route, the, discovered by Vasco da Gama, 83, 88 Cardano describes the “Vegetable Lamb,” 13 „ exposes the unreasonableness of believing the fable, 14 Central America, ancient use of cotton in, 85, 86 Chappe d’Auteroche, the Abbé seeks for the “Barometz,” 30 Chinese artificial dogs made from root-stocks of ferns, 27, 28, 34, 39, 44 Columbus finds cotton in use in America, 84 Cotton, its use of great antiquity in India, 65 „ reaches Persia from India, 66 „ hangings of, in the palace of Ahasuerus at Shushan, 66 „ found in use in India by Alexander the Great, 58 „ piece-goods introduced into Europe by the Macedonians, 72 „ shipped from Patala and Barygaza to Aduli, 72 „ conveyed by a circuitous coasting route, 73 „ „ in a straight course by Hippalus, 73 „ „ by the Romans viâ Palmyra, 74 „ the trade in, through Egypt, checked by the Saracens, 74 „ ancient Egyptians unacquainted with, 75 „ breast-plate padded with, sent by King Amasis to Sparta, 46, 75 „ Mark Antony’s soldiers wear, in Egypt, 76 „ Egyptians, till the 17th century, importers, not growers of, 77 „ in Rome and Greece manufactured by slaves, 78 „ vestments presented to ancient Emperors of China, 79 „ manufactured by the Moors and Saracens in Spain, 80 „ paper made from, by the Spanish Arabs, 80 „ manufacture in Spain relapsed after the conquest of Grenada, 80 „ conveyed by Tartar caravans from India to Europe, 56, 57, 58, 81, 82 conveyed again through Egypt by the Venetians, 82 „ manufacture in Saxony, the Netherlands, and Germany, 83 „ found by Columbus in daily use in the West Indies, 84 „ „ Magalhaens in use in Brazil, 84 „ used by the ancient Mexicans and Peruvians, 85, 86 „ mummy cloths brought from ancient Peruvian tombs, 86 „ imported into England in the 16th century through Antwerp, 91 „ statistics, 92 „ now crosses from India by the route planned by Alexander, 95 Cotton-plant, the, described by Theophrastus, 47 „ „ „ Pomponius Mela, 48 „ „ „ Julius Pollux, 49 „ botany of the, 63 „ the, indigenous to India, 64 „ „ noticed in India by Alexander and his army, 58 „ culture of the, in China encouraged by the Mongols, 79 „ „ „ Arabia and Syria, 77 „ „ „ Spain by the Saracens and Moors, 80 „ „ „ „ relapsed after the conquest of Grenada, 80 „ the, still grows wild in the Peninsula, 81