PULSE THROBS PER MINUTE Per Minute The Horse 36 to 40 Cattle 45 to 50 Sheep and Goats 70 to 80 The Dog 70 to 80 Swine 90 to 100 The pulse in the young is much more rapid than in the adult animal; that of a foal at birth beats 100 to 102 per minute, while that of a calf will go to 130 per minute. In old age the pulsation becomes reduced and the arteries much weaker. The pulse rate in large animals is less than in smaller ones, as for instance, an elephant's pulse rate is from 25 to 28 beats per minute. The more rapid the pulse, the greater the quantity of blood in circulation. AVERAGE PERIODS OF GESTATION OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS Mare 11 months Ass 12 months Cow 9 months Sheep 5 months Goat 5 months Sow 3-1/2 months Bitch 9 weeks Cat 8 weeks AVERAGE PERIOD OF INCUBATION Chicken 20 to 22 days Geese 28 to 34 days Duck 28 to 30 days Turkey 27 to 29 days Pigeon 18 days Guinea Fowl 28 days Pheasant 25 days Ostrich 40 to 42 days Canary Bird 14 days VETERINARY FACTS AND ADVICE TO REMEMBER 1. Cleanliness of body and surroundings is a necessity in the treatment of animals. 2. Pure air, avoiding drafts, is equally essential. 3. Light, excepting in the treatment of eye diseases, is greatly to be desired. Darkness, while soothing to the eye, tends to prolong germ life and disease. 4. Keep dry--dampness breeds disease. 5. Keep warm--in chilly weather, blanket the sick animal, hand rub limbs and bandage with woolen cloths. 6. Exercise with care--excessive and insufficient exercise are both injurious. 7. Feed with care--green grass, in medium quantity, and vegetables are cooling to the blood, easily digested and exert a slight laxative effect. Grain feed is nutritious and strengthening, but it is not required in any quantity by a horse not working. Be sure that all feed is fresh and clean. 8. Drinking water must be pure--impure water carries many disease germs. Also avoid giving water in large quantities, especially if water is very cold. 9. Disinfection involves little time or expense, but is invaluable. Coal tar products which emulsify in water (1 part coal tar products to 50-75 parts water) should be freely and occasionally sprinkled about yards and buildings. If only these few fundamental and common-sense principles were followed by stock raisers, a very large percentage of the ills and diseases of domestic animals would be lastingly prevented. DRENCHING