From Eberle, who, as we have just seen, was for a time Bouman’s master, TH. C. DE MAARÉ, born on January 14, 1863, also received his education as a Violoncellist. In his twenty-second year he received the appointment at the “Amsterdamsche Orkestvereenigung” of solo cellist, when the place of first solo player at the Royal “Fransche Opera” was also given to him, which position he still holds. The two youngest cellists of Holland, of talent worth mentioning, are Snoer and Smith. JOHAN SNOER was born on June 28, 1868, in Amsterdam, and received his first instruction from Alexander Pohle, a pupil of Fr. Grützmacher. After Pohle’s death the younger Giese[132] was his master, and, when the latter went out to America, Henry Bosman undertook his training. Later on he learned the harp from Edm. Schuëcker, now teacher at the Leipsic Conservatoire. Snoer began his active career as a volunteer in the Amsterdam Park Orchestra. When he was dismissed from this he was appointed Violoncellist and Harpist at the newly-erected Park Theatre at Amsterdam. Since 1885 he has been first solo cellist and harpist at the Amsterdam Orchestra Union. JOHANNES SMITH, born on January 27, 1869, at Arnheim, received his first Cello instruction from Heyn,[133] in Maestricht, where his father had been placed in the Dutch service. Later on the Smith family resided in Amsterdam and there Ernest Appy was the teacher of the artist boy, who went to Dresden in 1883 in order to complete his training on the Violoncello under Fr. Grützmacher and, in theory, under Felix Draeseke. Since then Smith has appeared with great success in Leipsic, Dresden, Berlin, and the Hague, as concert player. FOOTNOTES: [126] See p. 97. [127] Alphonse d’Eve received the appointment of Choirmaster at the Antwerp Cathedral on November 5, 1718, having previously directed during a long period the choir of the church of St. Martin in Courtrai. The announcement of Fétis that d’Eve composed a solemn Mass in the year 1719, for two choirs, with accompaniment for instruments, amongst which there was an obbligato for Violoncello, is a matter of interest to us. [128] Fétis points out that he was at the Favart Theatre. Müntzberger, however, calls himself on the title-page of the Cello School: “Professeur de Violoncelle au Théâtre Feydeau.” [129] Fétis gives the year of his birth 1812. His brother, Joseph, was born 1816.--(_Tr._) [130] For the Cellists, Hegar and Giese, see pp. 130 and 152. [131] See p. 131. VII.--ENGLAND AND SCANDINAVIA.