“The authors pursued the following methods in their experiments, which were made solely on dogs: After opening the abdomen in the linea alba, a portion of the smaller intestines was drawn out, and ligatures which at first were not closed were applied to the upper and lower part; above and below the ligatures the intestine was cut open with very fine scissors, and rinsed out with a seven per cent. solution of salt. Then the lower ligature was closed, and the solution injected into the upper opening, the reabsorption of which is to be tested. While the syringe was being withdrawn the upper ligature was also secured. A portion of the lower end of the small intestine was then submitted to the same process; but in this case a longer portion was taken out to compensate as much as possible for the smaller size of the lower end of the intestine.… After the bowels had been replaced the wound was sewn up, and the dog set at liberty; and after a certain time--generally an hour or an hour and a-half--killed, and the contents of the tied loops were examined.”--_Centralb. f. d. Med. Wiss._, 1883, p. 679. =Lesser, A.= Prof. of Toxicology, Med. Fac., Berlin University. =Lesser, Baron Von L. L.= Prof. at Private Policlinic, Med. Fac., Leipsig University. Path. Institute. =Leube, Wilhelm Olivier.= B. Ulm, Wurtemberg, 1842; studied Med. Tübingen; M.D. 1866; Univs. Munich and Berlin; studied Physiol. under Du Bois Reymond and Rosenthal, and Physiol. Chem. under Kühne; First Asst. Ziemssen’s Clinic, Erlangen, 1868; Prof. extraord., 1872; Prof. Med. Clinic, Jena, same year; Prof. Erlangen, 1874. Author of “Untersuchungen über die Strychnine-wirking und deren Paralysirung durch künstliche Respiration,” Du Bois Reymond’s Archiv, 1867, p. 629. Contrib. to “Moleschott’s Untersuchungen,” Virchow’s and Du Bois Reymond’s Archiv., &c. Made experiments with strychnine on various animals. =Lewaschew= (Dr.), St. Petersburg. “A most careful and valuable series of experimental researches on the influence of the nervous system in the causation of disease of the vessels has been contributed to the current number of Virchow’s _Archiv._, by Dr. Lewaschew, of St. Petersburg.… The method of investigation is worthy of mention. Generally the chief nerve trunks of the hinder extremities of dogs were the parts subject to irritation by means of a solution of muriatic or sulphuric acid; it was found that rabbits and cats were unfit for this continuous form of stimulation, because the action of the acid on the exposed nerve trunk brought about gangrene; as a strong stimulus was wanted milder means could not be employed.”--_Lancet_, June 2nd, 1883, p. 962.