=Ludwig, Carl Friedrich Wilhelm.= B. Witzenhausen, 1816. Studied Med. at Marburg and Erlangen; Prof. extraord. Comp. Anat. Marburg, 1846; Prof. Anat. and Physiol., Zurich, 1849; Prof. Physiol. and Physics, Josephinum at Vienna, 1855; Prof. Leipsig, 1865; Privy Court Councillor; Prof. at Physiol. Inst.; Vice-President Leipsic Thierschutzverein (Society for the Protection of Animals). Author of “Lehrbuch der Physiologie des Menschen,” Heidelberg, 1852; “Die physiologischen Leitungen des Blutdruckes,” Leipsig, 1865. Inventor of an apparatus for cutting through the spinal marrow of living mammalia, recommended by Prof. Cyon; also of an engine for measuring the rapidity of the circulation of the blood. =Lussana Filippo.= B. Senate, San Leone. Studied at Clusone, Bergamo and Pavia; Prof. Physiol. Univ. Padua; Direct. Univ. Padua. Author of “Osservazioni fisio-patologiche sul sistema nervoso,” 1856; “Il Pancreas,” 1852: “Atropine e Belladonna,” 1852; “Patologia del Cervelletto,” 1856; “Sperienze sul gran-simpatico,” 1857; “Fisiologia del dolore,” 1859; “Sur la fibrine du sang,” 1866; “Fisiologia della donna,” 1867; “Sui processi digestivi” 1868-69; “Fisiologia dei centri nervosi encefalici,” 1871; “Sui canali semicircolari, Richerche fisio-patologiche,” 1872; “Des centres moteurs encéphaliques,” 1877; “I movimenti del dolore,” 1878, &c. =Lyon= (Dr.), St. Petersburg. =Macewen, William=, 73, Bath Street, and 5, Ure Place, Montrose Street, Glasgow. M.D. Glasgow, 1872; M.B. and C.M., 1869; F.F.P.S. Glasg., 1874; (Glasg.); Mem. Nat. Hist., Path. and Chir., and Med. and Chir. Socs., Glasg.; Lect. on Chir. Surg., and Surg. Glasg. Roy. Infirm.; Casualty Surg. Glasg. City; late Disp. Surg. Glasg. Roy. Infirm., and Western Infirm., Glasg.; House Phys. Roy. Infirm. and Asst. Phys. City Asyl., Glasg. Author of “Wounds, in relation to the instruments which produce them;” “Antiseptic Osteotomy for Genu Vulgum,” 1878; “Osteotomy, with an Inquiry into the Ætiology and Pathology of Knock Knee, Bow Legs, and other Osseous Deformities of the Lower Limbs,” 1880; “Observations concerning Transplantation of Bone,” 1881; “On the Immediate Treatment of Wounds,” 1881; “Chromic Gut and Chicken-bone Drainage Tubes,” 1881. Contrib. to “Glasg. Med. Journ.,” 1874; “Edin. Month. Med. Journ.,” 1875; “Brit. Med. Journ.,” 1880. _Held a License for Vivisection at Glasgow Royal Infirmary Medical School 1881 and 1882. Certificates Dispensing with obligation to kill in 1881 and 1882. No experiments returned in 1882._ =Mackay, J. Yule.= M.B. _Held a License for Vivisection at the University of Glasgow Physiological Laboratory and Physiological Class-room, 1883._ =Maclagan, Douglas=, 28, Heriot Row, Edinburgh. M.D. Edin. 1833; F.R.C.P. Edin., 1864.; L.R.C.S. Edin., 1831 and 1833; Vice-Pres. F.R.S. (Edin.); Prof. of Med. Jurisp., Police and Clin. Med. Univ. Edin.; Surg. Gen. Queen’s Body Guard for Scotland; Surg.-Maj. Q.E.R.V.B.; Hon. Mem. Pharm. Soc. Gt. Brit., etc., etc.