The enemy, finding it was necessary to use more vigorous means than
words in order to get the Americans out of the positions they held, made
several efforts to regain the church of Guadalupe. At three o’clock in
the afternoon of the 28th, they tried to storm the church, but were
repulsed with severe loss. Then at eight the same evening they attempted
to surprise the position. The night was dark, and a large force got
within eighty yards of the breastwork in the rear of the church before
they were discovered. Major Swingle with two six-pounders poured canister
rapidly into the approaching columns, and the blaze of the enemy’s
musketry showing their position, the guns were used with deadly effect.
In a short time the Allies were again repulsed, and without the waste of
rifle caps, now becoming scarce in Henningsen’s camp. Several other faint
attacks were afterward made on the church, but it was clear that the
officers of the Allies could not drive their soldiers to an assault.
The entrenchments near Henry’s position were not sufficiently advanced to
admit of the removal of the sick and wounded until the 1st of December.
In the meanwhile cholera and typhus broke out in the Guadalupe. The
crowded state of the church, the numbers of sick and wounded, and the
bad air from the decaying bodies of the enemy’s dead, tended to produce
sickness; and the tendency was increased by the exposure to night air
and rains. The camp was now subsisting on mule and horse meat with small
rations of flour and coffee; but this diet, sufficiently wholesome, had
little to do with the disease which appeared. The Allies also perished
in large numbers by cholera and fever; yet they had an excellent quality
and great variety of subsistence. Among the allied officers who died of
cholera was the commander of the Guatemalan forces, Gen. M. Paredes. His
death left Zavala in command of the Guatemalan contingent.
The cholera was a more fearful enemy to the Americans than any by which
they were surrounded. Hence it was important to hasten the removal of
the sick and wounded to the entrenchments in the low ground; and after
they left the Guadalupe disease diminished and the cholera almost
entirely disappeared. About seventy men remained in the church; but its
garrison was gradually reduced to thirty rifles under the command of
Lieut. Sumpter Williamson. His steady courage and cheerful spirits made
him competent, even with the small force at his disposal, to hold the
position against any attempts of the enemy; and it was always easy for
Henningsen, in an emergency, to strengthen him with fresh men.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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