Egypt -- History -- Mohammed Ali, 1805-1849; Syria -- History; Turkey -- History -- 1829-1878
The British Ambassador, in writing to Baron Stürmer and M. Titow, quotes
the 3rd, 5th, and 6th Articles of the Treaty of the 15th of July[86],
and makes a budget for the Pacha, showing the resources of Egypt in the
year 1833[87] to be 62,778,750 piastres, while the expenditure was only
49,951,500, which may have been correct or not; but it appears to me
that the tribute Mehemet was to pay to the Porte on his being reinstated
in the government of Egypt, ought to have been fixed by the state of the
revenue and expenditure in 1841, when the war ceased.
The proposition his Excellency makes is, that the Sultan should issue a
firman, giving the hereditary government of Egypt to Mehemet Ali; but he
is to bear in mind that Egypt was just to be considered like any other
pachalic of the Turkish empire, and at a future time he should be made
acquainted with the nature and extent of his administrative powers[88].
All this would have been very well had the power of the Porte alone put
down Mehemet Ali, and then had the means of enforcing the firman; but
the Ambassador must have known full well, that had Mehemet Ali been left
to himself, he could have dictated terms to the Sultan, and that, even
after all the losses he met with in Syria, occasioned by the Allied
Powers, and the losses he met with in his retreat by the bad faith of
the Turks, he was still in a position to resist the whole power of the
Turkish empire.
M. Titow, as well as Baron Stürmer and Count Königsmark, as I have
before stated, at first agreed with Lord Ponsonby[89], but asked his
opinion about the restrictive clause relating to the nomination of the
successor of Mehemet Ali. Their approval of the British Ambassador’s
proposal seems to have thrown his Excellency off his guard, and he wrote
to M. Titow:
“I reply at once to your question, and I say that I think it will be
more prudent to keep everything like specific arrangement for the
settlement that will flow from the assertion and establishment of the
Sultan’s sovereign authority and right. You will observe that I used the
expression, ‘hereditary in the family of Mehemet Ali,’ which cannot tie
up the Sultan’s right to specify the mode in which the succession shall
take place; and if it should be argued hereafter that the succession
should be in the direct line, (and, as it is called, by representation,)
the answer would be easy, that nothing of the sort is known to Turkish
law, nor is usual in the East, succession being commonly regulated by
very different principles.
“I do not see any inconvenience in leaving this matter untouched, but I
do fear that any thing that might give Mehemet Ali ground for discussion
and dispute at this moment might be inconvenient, and would be seized
upon by him. He cannot deny the Sultan’s sovereignty, which he has
already admitted; it will be impossible for him to refuse the hereditary
right, as it is expressed, without denying, at the same time, the
sovereignty of the Sultan already acknowledged.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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