Egypt -- History -- Mohammed Ali, 1805-1849; Syria -- History; Turkey -- History -- 1829-1878
On the 11th of March, Chekib Effendi, the Ottoman Minister, communicated
to Lord Palmerston[108] that the Porte had restored Mehemet Ali, and
forwarded him the firmans I have already mentioned, and requested his
Lordship to communicate them to the other Ambassadors in London, and he
desired an answer to the official communication; whereupon Lord
Palmerston again assembled the Foreign Ministers on the 13th of
March[109], and they drew up a Collective Note, expressing their lively
satisfaction at the event, and communicating to the Ottoman Minister
that they had heard from Alexandria, under date of the 24th of February,
that Mehemet Ali had admitted, without reserve, that the treaties and
laws of the empire should apply to Egypt in the same way as to the other
provinces of the empire. That he had acceded to the regulation of the
monetary system, the service and uniform of the troops, and the building
of the ships. That he had replaced under the orders of the Sultan, the
land and sea forces, and, in fact, that at the present moment he had put
himself in the situation of a subject, and that it appertains to the
Sultan alone to settle the internal administration, and take into
consideration the wishes which Mehemet Ali has submitted to the Sultan.
The Ministers finish the Note by stating, “The Undersigned are fully
assured that these explanations, conceived in a sincere spirit of
conciliation, would be received by the Sultan in the same manner in
which he has constantly received the advice already given by his
Allies,—advice disinterested and sincere, which His Highness has justly
appreciated, when he accomplished, by an act of clemency, a work of
pacification which his Allies had frankly aided him in effecting.”
Lord Palmerston wrote at the same time to Lord Ponsonby[110],
transmitting the Note of the Plenipotentiaries, and remarking that
doubts might arise out of the wording of the first Article of the
Hatti-Sheriff, which specifies the conditions to be imposed upon Mehemet
Ali. “The wording of that Article might lead to the supposition, that
the Sultan intended to reserve to himself to choose upon each vacancy in
the pachalic of Egypt, any one of the descendants of Mehemet Ali,
without regard to any fixed rule whatever; and that thus the principle
of hereditary tenure would be rendered illusory.
“Her Majesty’s Government conceive, that this was by no means the
intention of the Porte, and that what was meant to be established by the
condition above-mentioned is, that while, on the one hand, the Sultan
grants to the descendants of Mehemet Ali in the direct male line
hereditary succession in the pachalic of Egypt, the Sultan reserves his
own sovereign rights intact, by declaring, that those descendants shall
not succeed as a matter of course and of inherent right, as would be the
case with the rulers of an independent state, but shall each in turn
receive his appointment from the Sultan, and by a separate act of the
Sultan’s sovereign power.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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