2. New Territories Created. a. Washington Territory, 2 March, 1853. b. Idaho Territory, 3 March, 1863. c. Montana Territory, 26 May, 1864. i. Western portion was part of Old Oregon. d. Wyoming Territory, 20 July, 1868. i. Western portion was part of Old Oregon. XII. Organization of Washington Territory 1. Two Previous Forms of Territorial Government. a. Under the Provisional Government of Oregon. b. Under the Territorial Government of Oregon. 2. Agitation for Separate Government. a. Long distance to capital of Oregon. b. Fourth of July celebrations at Olympia, 1851, 1852. c. D. R. Bigelow's oration. d. New Territory to be called Columbia. e. First Newspaper--The Columbian. i. Published at Olympia 11 September, 1852. ii. Printed Bigelow's Fourth of July Oration. f. Convention at Monticello, 25 October, 1852. g. Memorial by Oregon legislature, 4 November, 1852. 3. Action by Congress. a. Bill introduced by Delegate Lane of Oregon. b. Interesting debate. c. Name changed from Columbia to Washington. d. Bill passed, 2 March, 1853. e. Bill signed by President Fillmore just two days before end of his term. 4. First Governor Appointed. a. President Pierce appointed Isaac Ingalls Stevens, 17 March, 1853. b. Stevens also given charge of northern route of Pacific Railroad Survey. i. In this work he explored a zone 2,000 miles long and from 200 to 400 miles wide and examined nine passes through the Rocky Mountains demonstrating the practicability of a railroad to the coast. c. Stevens also obtained appointment as Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Washington Territory. i. In this capacity he made ten treaties with the Indians. 5. Other Officers. a. Secretary, Charles H. Mason. b. United States Marshal, J. Patton Anderson. c. United States District Attorney, John S. Clendenin. d. Judges of United States District Court, Edward Lander, Victor Monroe, O. B. McFadden, William Strong. e. Delegate to Congress, Columbia Lancaster. 6. Government Begun. a. Governor Stevens selects temporary capital. b. Calls for election of legislature. c. Fixes time of meeting. * * * * * BIBLIOGRAPHY. The following works will be found helpful and most of them ought to be accessible in the better libraries. In addition there are to be found a number of books published for which prices have been paid for the inclusion of biographies. Some of them contain helpful information. BANCROFT, HUBERT HOWE. Works of. See Volumes 29 and 30 for Oregon and Volume 31 for Washington, Idaho and Montana. Indexes will guide the reader.